Antibody dynamics and spontaneous viral clearance in patients with acute hepatitis C infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Strasak, Alexander; Kim, Arthur Y.; Lauer, Georg M.; Sousa, Paulo S de; Ginuino, Cleber F.; Ca, Fernandes; Velloso, Carlos Eduardo Pereira; Almeida, Adílson José de; Oliveira, Jaqueline Mendes de; Yoshida, Clara Fumiko Tachibana; Wiesch, Julian Schulze zur; Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia; Lang, Stefan; Brant, Larry J.; Ulmer, Hanno; Strohmaier, Susanne; Kaltenbach, L; Lampe, Elisabeth; Lewis-Ximenez, Lia Laura

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-15

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Several factors are associated with spontaneous resolution of HCV viremia, including host factors such as age, sex, ethnicity and immune response [31], [32]. The rate of spontaneous HCV resolution can range from 10% to 60% [33]. In our study, even samples with HCV viral load as low as 150 copies/mL could be successfully amplified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Different HCV Genotype Distributions of HIV-Infected Individuals in Henan and Guangxi, China

Tian

Liu

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundDue to shared transmission routes, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly prevalent among people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is associated with hepatotoxicity, leading to the negative effects on patients with HIV/HCV co-infection. In order to provide valuable information for HCV management in this particular population, we investigated the HCV genotypes in HIV-infected individuals from Henan and Guangxi, the two provinces with the most HIV-infected cases in China.MethodsIndividuals, who acquired HIV infection through various risk routes, were recruited from Henan and Guangxi. Test of antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) was conducted, and detection of HCV RNA was performed by PCR amplification. HCV subtypes were determined by direct sequencing of amplicons, followed by phylogenetic analysis.ResultsWe recruited a total of 1,112 HIV-infected people in this present study. Anti-HCV was detected from 218 (50.1%) patients from Henan and 81 (12.0%) patients from Guangxi, respectively. The highest prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection was observed from FBDs (former blood donors) (87.2%) in Henan and IDUs (intravenous drug users) (81.8%) in Guangxi, respectively. The seroprevalence rate of HCV among people with sexual contact was significantly higher in Henan than in Guangxi (18.7% vs. 3.5%, P<0.05). The positive rate of HCV RNA in Henan and Guangxi was 30.6% (133/435) and 11.2% (76/677), respectively. Moreover, we found that 20 anti-HCV negative samples were HCV positive by PCR amplification. HCV subtype 1b (52.7%) was predominant in Henan, followed by subtype 2a (41.9%). The most frequently detected subtypes in Guangxi were 6a (35.6%) and 3b (32.9%).ConclusionThe HCV genotype distributions were different in HIV-infected people from Henan and Guangxi. HIV/HCV co-infection was not only linked to the transmission routes, but also associated with the geographic position.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Different HCV Genotype Distributions of HIV-Infected Individuals in Henan and Guangxi, China

Tian

Liu

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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“…Understanding the prevalence and risk factors for HCV infection in regions with high prevalence could effectively prevent virus transmission to other geographical areas. Following initial exposure to HCV, two outcomes can occur, either chronic infection or spontaneous clearance of the virus, which occurs in 15%‐40% of the cases . Due to the fact that symptoms occur in only ~15% of HCV‐infected patients, the clearance rate may be underestimated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following initial exposure to HCV, two outcomes can occur, either chronic infection or spontaneous clearance of the virus, which occurs in 15%-40% of the cases. [16][17][18] Due to the fact that symptoms occur in only ~15% of HCV-infected patients, 19 the clearance rate may be underestimated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV genotype 6 prevalence, spontaneous clearance and diversity among elderly members of the Li ethnic minority in Baisha County, China

Yu²,

Leitch

et al. 2019

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Summary The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus varies widely across geographical regions and ethnic groups. Our previous study showed that 6 strains isolated from Baisha County, Hainan Island, China, were all new genotype 6 (gt6) subtypes which differed significantly from subtypes of other regions. In the current study, we conducted a comprehensive epidemiological survey of HCV in the Li ethnic group, native to Baisha County. Anti‐HCV antibodies were detected by 2 independent ELISAs in all participants, and positive results confirmed by the recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) and HCV RNA viral loads were measured. Univariate chi‐square test and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors for HCV infection and spontaneous clearance rates. Indeterminate RIBA results were excluded or included in analyses; consequently, findings were expressed as a range. Direct sequencing of partial regions within NS5B and E1 was employed for genotyping. Among 1682 participants, 117 to 153 were anti‐HCV positive (7.0%‐9.1%), with 42.7%‐52.6% confirmed to have cleared infection. Anti‐HCV positivity was associated with older age (≥60 years) (OR = 0.02, 95% CI 0.01‐0.05, P < 0.01) and surgery (OR = 2.75, 95% CI 1.36‐5.57, P < 0.01), with no significant difference found between the HCV infection group and the HCV spontaneous clearance group. The gt6 subtype distribution characteristics of Baisha County were unique, complex and diverse. The sequences did not cluster with known gt6 subtypes but formed 4 Baisha community‐specific groups. HCV infection in members of the Li minority ethnic group is characterized by high prevalence rates in the elderly, high spontaneous clearance rates and broad gt6 diversity.

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“…Because we screened both for the presence of anti-HCV antibodies and HCV viral RNA, we are able to assess for spontaneous clearance of HCV. 48 , 49 The rate of spontaneous HCV resolution has been reported to range from 10% to 60% 52 and is modified by host factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, and immune response. 50 , 51 In our study, we found a general rate of spontaneous clearance of 27.65%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Subtype and Evolution Characteristic Among Drug Users, Men Who Have Sex With Men, and the General Population in Beijing, China

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to characterize the current molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and evaluate the evolutionary patterns of HCV subtypes in Beijing, China, among different subpopulations.The whole blood samples and behavioral data were collected from a total of 10,354 subjects, including drug users (DUs), men who have sex with men (MSM), and the general population, in Beijing from 2010 to 2011. Samples were tested for HCV infection using both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time PCR. All viremic subjects were then sequenced by nested PCR over core/E1 and NS5B regions. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis was performed by BEAST software.In total, 217 subjects (2.1%) were tested positive for HCV by antibody or vRNA-based testing. HCV prevalence rates for DUs, MSM, and the general population were 26.2%, 0.54%, and 0.37%, respectively. The 156 HCV RNA-positive samples were sequenced. Nine HCV genotypes, including 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, 6a, 6n, 6u and 6v, were detected. The most prevalent subtypes were 3b (36.09%), 1b (32.54%), and 3a (16.57%). Bayesian evolutionary analysis estimated that the time of introduction of subtype 1b into Beijing was 2004 (95% CI: 1997.7, 2007.7), with subtypes 3a and 3b being introduced later in 2006. Evolutionary analyses further suggested that subtype 1b from Beijing and Shanghai were closely related, whereas subtype 3a sequences were more similar with sequences from Yunnan, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Jiangsu. Subtype 3b sequences were closely related to those from Yunnan, Guangdong, and Hong Kong.Thus, the current HCV epidemic in Beijing is complex, heavily affecting DUs, and involving multiple genotypes that likely spread from different regions in China with its large migrant population.

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Antibody dynamics and spontaneous viral clearance in patients with acute hepatitis C infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Different HCV Genotype Distributions of HIV-Infected Individuals in Henan and Guangxi, China

Different HCV Genotype Distributions of HIV-Infected Individuals in Henan and Guangxi, China

HCV genotype 6 prevalence, spontaneous clearance and diversity among elderly members of the Li ethnic minority in Baisha County, China

Hepatitis C Virus Subtype and Evolution Characteristic Among Drug Users, Men Who Have Sex With Men, and the General Population in Beijing, China

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