Antibody Duration After Infection From SARS-CoV-2 in the Texas Coronavirus Antibody Response Survey

Swartz, Michael D.; DeSantis, Stacia M.; Yaseen, Ashraf; Brito, Frances A.; Valerio-Shewmaker, Melissa A.; Messiah, Sarah; Leon‐Novelo, Luis; Kohl, Harold W.; Pinzon-Gomez, Cesar L; Hao, Tianyao; Zhang, Shiming; Talebi, Yashar; Yoo, Joy; Ross, J. Andrew; Gonzalez, Michael O.; Wu, Leqing; Kelder, Steven H.; Silberman, Mark; Tuzo, Samantha; Pont, Stephen J.; Shuford, Jennifer A.; Lakey, David; Boerwinkle, Eric

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiac167

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…6,7 In contrast, the infection seroprevalence is fairly stable over the sampling period, consistent with IgG antibody remaining detectable for months after infection. 8 This estimate of infection prevalence is comparable to CDC-reported laboratory surveillance estimates for Georgia during the study period (Table 1). 9 A household-based survey from August to December 2020 estimated a seroprevalence of 7.8% (95% CI, 5.1-11.7) in the core Atlanta counties of Fulton and DeKalb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Estimating severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence from residual clinical blood samples, January–March 2021

Graciaa

Verkerke²,

Guarner³

et al. 2022

ASHE

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We describe severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG seroprevalence and antigenemia among patients at a medical center in January–March 2021 using residual clinical blood samples. The overall seroprevalences were 17% by infection and 16% by vaccination. Spent or residual samples are a feasible alternative for rapidly estimating seroprevalence or monitoring trends in infection and vaccination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Estimating severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence from residual clinical blood samples, January–March 2021

Graciaa

Verkerke²,

Guarner³

et al. 2022

ASHE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The most important factor in influencing the SARS-CoV2 level at 6 months was the peak antibody level following the second vaccination of the primary vaccine regimen. Studies examining the antibody decay kinetics in participants following COVID-19 infection showed that the height of the peak is dependent on disease severity with antibodies for IgG remaining above the positivity threshold for up to 500 days 15–17. Following vaccination our study showed that SARS-CoV2-Ig Ab persistence (≥7.0 U/mL) was 62 days for the AZ and 210 days for the Pfizer vaccine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Antibody response to the COVID-19 ChAdOx1nCov-19 and BNT162b vaccines after temporary suspension of DMARD therapy in immune-mediated inflammatory disease: an extension study (RESCUE 2)

et al. 2023

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The persistence of immunogenicity in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) on disease-modifying antirheumatic therapy (DMARD) has been less well studied. This extension study evaluates the SARS-CoV2 antibody decay kinetics 6 months following two doses of ChAdO1nCov-19 (AZ) and BNT162b (Pfizer) and subsequent response following an mRNA booster.Results175 participants were included. Six months after initial AZ vaccination, 87.5%, 85.4% and 79.2% (p=0.756) in the withhold, continue and control groups remained seropositive compared with 91.4%, 100% and 100% (p=0.226), respectively, in the Pfizer group. Both vaccine groups developed robust humoral immune responses following a booster with seroconversion rates being 100% for all three intervention categories. The mean SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were significantly lower in the targeted synthetic DMARD (tsDMARD) group that continued therapy compared with the control (2.2 vs 4.8 U/mL, p=0.010). The mean time interval until loss of protective antibodies in the IMID group was 61 days for the AZ and 137.5 days for the Pfizer vaccine. Within each DMARD class the interval until loss of protective antibody titres in the csDMARD, bDMARD and tsDMARD groups were 68.3, 71.8 and 64.0 days in the AZ group and 185.5, 137.5 and 116.0 days in the Pfizer group, respectively.ConclusionAntibody persistence was longer in the Pfizer group due to a higher peak antibody level following second vaccination with levels of protection in IMID on DMARD therapy similar to controls except in those on tsDMARDs where it was lower. A third mRNA vaccine booster can restore immunity in all groups.

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“…Recent research suggests neutralizing and nucleocapsid antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 persist for at least 5-6 months [9][10][11][12] or possibly longer [13], and that re-infection risk is low in the several months after initial infection [14]. This resultant expected reduction in viral spread from these assumptions has inspired the idea of a path to normality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reinfection with COVID-19 within a few months is rare [16]; 2. Antibodies from natural infections typically last at least 5 months and cross-reactivity of serological tests is rare [11,12,17,18]; and, 3. Vaccination produces a robust and reasonably long-term antibody response, making it possible to estimate regional seroprevalence as a combination of detection of natural antibodies, and state-level vaccination data [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology to estimate natural- and vaccine-induced antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in a large geographic region

et al. 2022

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Accurate estimates of natural and/or vaccine-induced antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are difficult to obtain. Although model-based estimates of seroprevalence have been proposed, they require inputting unknown parameters including viral reproduction number, longevity of immune response, and other dynamic factors. In contrast to a model-based approach, the current study presents a data-driven detailed statistical procedure for estimating total seroprevalence (defined as antibodies from natural infection or from full vaccination) in a region using prospectively collected serological data and state-level vaccination data. Specifically, we conducted a longitudinal statewide serological survey with 88,605 participants 5 years or older with 3 prospective blood draws beginning September 30, 2020. Along with state vaccination data, as of October 31, 2021, the estimated percentage of those 5 years or older with naturally occurring antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Texas is 35.0% (95% CI = (33.1%, 36.9%)). This is 3× higher than, state-confirmed COVID-19 cases (11.83%) for all ages. The percentage with naturally occurring or vaccine-induced antibodies (total seroprevalence) is 77.42%. This methodology is integral to pandemic preparedness as accurate estimates of seroprevalence can inform policy-making decisions relevant to SARS-CoV-2.

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Antibody Duration After Infection From SARS-CoV-2 in the Texas Coronavirus Antibody Response Survey

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Estimating severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence from residual clinical blood samples, January–March 2021

Estimating severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence from residual clinical blood samples, January–March 2021

Antibody response to the COVID-19 ChAdOx1nCov-19 and BNT162b vaccines after temporary suspension of DMARD therapy in immune-mediated inflammatory disease: an extension study (RESCUE 2)

Methodology to estimate natural- and vaccine-induced antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in a large geographic region

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