Antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus

Wen, Jieqi; Cheng, Yifan; Ling, Rongsong; Dai, Yarong; Huang, Boxuan; Huang, Wenjie; Zhang, Siyan; Jiang, Yizhou

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.015

Cited by 89 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although the importance of neutralizing antibodies for protection is indisputable, cross-reactive antibodies or sub-optimal concentration of antibodies can promote pathology, resulting in a phenomenon known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), which has been reported following secondary infections or vaccination with dengue virus and other viruses [ 41 ]. According to previous studies, the ADE mechanisms of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV vaccines are mediated mainly by the engagement of Fc receptors (FcRs) expressed on macrophages, B cells and monocytes [ 42 , 43 ]. So far, the clinical evidence has not shown the COVID-19 vaccines or antibodies to have such an effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of multivalent nanobodies blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting RBD of spike protein

Zhang

et al. 2021

J Nanobiotechnol

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Background The outbreak and pandemic of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 caused significant threaten to global public health and economic consequences. It is extremely urgent that global people must take actions to develop safe and effective preventions and therapeutics. Nanobodies, which are derived from single‑chain camelid antibodies, had shown antiviral properties in various challenge viruses. In this study, multivalent nanobodies with high affinity blocking SARS-CoV-2 spike interaction with ACE2 protein were developed. Results Totally, four specific nanobodies against spike protein and its RBD domain were screened from a naïve VHH library. Among them, Nb91-hFc and Nb3-hFc demonstrated antiviral activity by neutralizing spike pseudotyped viruses in vitro. Subsequently, multivalent nanobodies were constructed to improve the neutralizing capacity. As a result, heterodimer nanobody Nb91-Nb3-hFc exhibited the strongest RBD-binding affinity and neutralizing ability against SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses with an IC50 value at approximately 1.54 nM. Conclusions The present study indicated that naïve VHH library could be used as a potential resource for rapid acquisition and exploitation of antiviral nanobodies. Heterodimer nanobody Nb91-Nb3-hFc may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of multivalent nanobodies blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting RBD of spike protein

Zhang

et al. 2021

J Nanobiotechnol

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“…Human coronaviruses such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV have demonstrated ADE in vitro as well [ 91 ]. Antibody binding to MERS-CoV has been shown to induce a conformational change in the S protein, promoting proteolytic cleavage to allow for viral binding and entry into the cell via the canonical receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) [ 92 ].…”

Section: Maternal Antibody Response To Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 during pregnancy

Moore

Suthar

2021

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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The COVID-19 pandemic resulting from the emergence of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 remains a major global health concern. Pregnant individuals are more likely to develop severe COVID-19 and a number of pregnancy complications have been observed in COVID-19 patients. To date, little is known about the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy. In this review, we examine key aspects of pregnancy that may be impacted by COVID-19 and summarize the current literature on SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta and in utero vertical transmission. Furthermore, we highlight recent studies exploring the role of the maternal antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and the passive transfer of maternal antibodies from mothers with COVID-19 to fetus.

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“…Nevertheless, skepticism about vaccines and their potential side effects are widespread, resulting in vaccine hesitancy [13]. One of the potentially negative effects of December 29, 2020 2/14 a vaccine is the occurrence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) or, more general, enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) [14,15]. ADE is best understood in Dengue fever and was observed also in SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV both in vitro and in vivo [16].…”

Section: Russia Was Ambitious To Release the World's First Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incentives for getting voluntary vaccines have been proposed, e.g., recently Qantas airlines announced to make the vaccine mandatory for their passengers [11,12]. a vaccine is the occurrence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) or, more general, enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) [14,15]. ADE is best understood in Dengue fever and was observed also in SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV both in vitro and in vivo [16].…”

Section: Russia Was Ambitious To Release the World's First Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns accounting for antibody-dependent enhancement

Adil

Obama

Mbeutchou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccines are approved, vaccination campaigns are launched, and worldwide return to normality seems within close reach. Nevertheless, concerns about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines arose, due to their fast emergency approval. In fact, the problem of antibody-dependent enhancement was raised in the context of COVID-19 vaccines.Methods and findingsWe introduce a complex extension of the model underlying the pandemic preparedness tool CovidSim 1.1 (http://covidsim.eu/) to optimize vaccination strategies with regard to the onset of campaigns, vaccination coverage, vaccination schedules, vaccination rates, and efficiency of vaccines. Vaccines are not assumed to immunize perfectly. Some individuals fail to immunize, some reach only partial immunity, and – importantly – some develop antibody-dependent enhancement, which increases the likelihood of developing symptomatic and severe episodes (associated with higher case fatality) upon infection. Only a fraction of the population will be vaccinated, reflecting vaccination hesitancy or contraindications.We parameterized the model to reflect the situation in Germany and predict increasing incidence (and prevalence) in early 2021 followed by a decline by summer. Assuming contact reductions (curfews, social distancing, etc.) to be lifted in summer, disease incidence will peak again. Fast vaccine deployment contributes to reduce disease incidence in the first quarter of 2021, and delay the epidemic outbreak after the summer season. Higher vaccination coverage results in a delayed and reduced epidemic peak. A coverage of 75% – 80% is necessary to prevent an epidemic peak without further drastic contact reductions.ConclusionsWith the vaccine becoming available, compliance with contact reductions is likely to fade. To prevent further economic damage from COVID-19, high levels of immunization need to be reached before next year’s flu season, and vaccination strategies and disease management need to be flexibly adjusted. The predictive model can serve as a refined decision support tool for COVID-19 management.

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Antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus

Cited by 89 publications

References 33 publications

Development of multivalent nanobodies blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting RBD of spike protein

Development of multivalent nanobodies blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting RBD of spike protein

Comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 during pregnancy

The impact of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns accounting for antibody-dependent enhancement

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