Antibody Binding Alters the Characteristics and Contents of Extracellular Vesicles Released by Histoplasma capsulatum

Baltazar, Ludmila Matos; Nakayasu, Ernesto; Sobreira, Tiago J. P.; Choi, Hyungwon; Casadevall, Arturo; Nimrichter, Leonardo; Nosanchuk, Joshua D.

doi:10.1128/msphere.00085-15

Cited by 74 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Similar to EVs from other pathogenic fungi, EVs from H. capsulatum are reactive with sera from patients with the corresponding fungal disease indicating they are antigenic . Treatment of H. capsulatum with monoclonal antibodies to heat shock protein 60, one of the EV proteins recognized by patient sera, results in changes in the size and protein cargo of the EVs . Hence host immune cells may modulate the secretion and loading of EVs from fungi.…”

Section: Histoplasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Extracellular Vesicles with a Focus on Proteomic Analysis

2019

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) perform crucial functions in cell–cell communication. The packaging of biomolecules into membrane‐enveloped vesicles prior to release into the extracellular environment provides a mechanism for coordinated delivery of multiple signals at high concentrations that is not achievable by classical secretion alone. Most of the understanding of the biosynthesis, composition, and function of EVs comes from mammalian systems. Investigation of fungal EVs, particularly those released by pathogenic yeast species, has revealed diverse cargo including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and small molecules. Fungal EVs are proposed to function in a variety of biological processes including virulence and cell wall homeostasis with a focus on host–pathogen interactions. EVs also carry signals between fungal cells allowing for a coordinated attack on a host during infection. Research on fungal EVs in still in its infancy. Here a review of the literature thus far with a focus on proteomic analysis is provided with respect to techniques, results, and prospects.

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Section: Histoplasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Extracellular Vesicles with a Focus on Proteomic Analysis

2019

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“…Since then, EVs have been characterized in 11 additional fungal species, where they participate in unconventional mechanisms of molecular export of proteins, glycans, pigments, nucleic acids and lipids [reviewed in (Rodrigues et al, ; Zamith‐Miranda et al, )]. On the basis of the observation that several of these molecules correspond to virulence factors and/or to immunologically active components, EVs have been proposed as key regulators of physiopathological mechanisms during fungal infections (Oliveira, Freire‐de‐Lima, et al, ; Vargas et al, ; Matos Baltazar et al, ; Almeida et al, ).…”

Section: Fungal Extracellular Vesicles (Evs) As Biologically Active Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A role in intracellular communication combined with their established roles in delivering components associated with virulence (Rodrigues et al, ) suggests that interference with EV function by immune mechanisms or drugs could reduce fungal fitness during infection. In this regard, antibody binding to H. capsulatum reduces EV production (Matos Baltazar et al, ). By going back inside, EVs assume new importance in fungal cell biology and their capacity for bidirectional transit opens new avenues of investigation to identify possible cellular receptors and mechanisms of cell wall transit and cellular uptake.…”

Section: Going Back Inside: Uptake Of Evs By Fungal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two‐way road: novel roles for fungal extracellular vesicles

Rodrigues

Casadevall

2018

Molecular Microbiology

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The biological functions of fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) or exosomes have been mostly determined on the basis of the assumption that they are vehicles of trans-cell wall transport and molecular export. The possibility that fungal cells can bind to and internalize EVs remained largely unaddressed. Recent studies, however, demonstrated that fungal cells can internalize host-derived and/or fungal EVs through processes that profoundly modify their regular physiology. To illustrate this novel view, we discuss (i) the uptake of plant EVs by phytopathogenic fungi culminating in growth defects and virulence attenuation, (ii) the influence of EV internalization in prion transmission and biofilm formation in yeast cells, and (iii) the EV-mediated transfer of virulence in isolates of Cryptococcus gattii. These recent observations indicate that the functions exerted by EVs in fungal cells result from previously unknown mechanisms of bidirectional transport, opening new venues for the investigation of how EVs impact fungal physiology.

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“…The results reveal that treatment of H. capsulatum with MAb 6B7 or 7B6 results in differences in the quantities of specific enzymes in vesicles, as well as protein and lipid contents, suggesting that these antibodies modulate the production, trafficking, and release into the extracellular space of important fungal virulence factors. The alteration of several proteins concomitantly is important, as modification of single proteins may not significantly impact pathogenicity (73).…”

Section: Mabs Against Hspsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diverse fungal species release extracellular vesicles, indicating that this process is linked to a common pathway for the delivery of molecules to the extracellular space (73). Fungal extracellular vesicles have been recognized as important structures for the trans-cell-wall transport of virulence factors that modulate the host's immune responses (74).…”

Section: Mabs Against Hspsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Shock Proteins in Histoplasma and Paracoccidioides

Cleare

Zamith-Miranda

Nosanchuk

2017

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are highly conserved biomolecules that are constitutively expressed and generally upregulated in response to various stress conditions (biotic and abiotic). Hsps have diverse functions, categorizations, and classifications. Their adaptive expression in fungi indicates their significance in these diverse species, particularly in dimorphic pathogens. Histoplasma capsulatum and Paracoccidioides species are dimorphic fungi that are the causative agents of histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis, respectively. This minireview focuses on the pathobiology of Hsps, with particular emphasis on their roles in the morphogenesis and virulence of Histoplasma and Paracoccidioides and the potential roles of active and passive immunization against Hsps in protection against infection with these fungi.

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Antibody Binding Alters the Characteristics and Contents of Extracellular Vesicles Released by Histoplasma capsulatum

Cited by 74 publications

References 36 publications

Fungal Extracellular Vesicles with a Focus on Proteomic Analysis

Fungal Extracellular Vesicles with a Focus on Proteomic Analysis

A two‐way road: novel roles for fungal extracellular vesicles

Heat Shock Proteins in Histoplasma and Paracoccidioides

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