Antibody-Based Agents in the Management of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Diseases

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen that can cause a wide spectrum of diseases, including sepsis, pneumonia, arthritis, and endocarditis. Ineffective treatment of a number of staphylococcal infections with antibiotics is due to the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains following decades of antibiotic usage. This has generated renewed interest within the scientific community in alternative therapeutic agents, such as anti-S. aureus antibodies. Although the role of antibodies in the management of S. aureus diseases is controversial, the success of this pathogen in neutralizing humoral immunity clearly indicates that antibodies offer the host extensive protection. In this review, we report an update on efforts to develop antibody-based agents, particularly monoclonal antibodies, and their therapeutic potential in the passive immunization approach to the treatment and prevention of S. aureus infections.

Human V H 1-69 Gene-Encoded Human Monoclonal Antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus IsdB Use at Least Three Distinct Modes of Binding To Inhibit Bacterial Growth and Pathogenesis

“…aureus infection (2) need to be reliably identified and defined. To address this, we investigated the molecular and structural basis for antibody-mediated correlates against a member of the Isd system that is a known antibody target, IsdB (3–6). IsdB is part of the S.…”

Immunogenomics guided design of immunomodulatory multi-epitope subunit vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 new variants, and its validation through in silico cloning and immune simulation

“…The molecules present on the nucleated cell surface have a crucial function in presenting peptides from intracellular to cytotoxic T cells and exogenous proteins in order to generate a prompt immune reaction to completely eradicate the cell [ 78 ]. On the other hand, MHC I glycoproteins are expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as B cells, monocytes, thyme epithelial cells, and dendritic cells [ 79 ]. The antigenic peptides are confined on the surface, regulating the helper T cells, restraining infection, conscripting phagocytes, and ultimately leading to full-force antibody reaction [ 80 ].…”

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia/Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

“…Adjunctive monoclonal antibodies are currently being studied. 50 51 An antibody directed against the α-toxin was safe and had a trend to better outcome in a study of S. aureus HAP/VAP. 52 S. aureus -specific lytic phages may also have a future role to play.…”