Antibody and Protein Profiles in Glaucoma: Screening of Biomarkers and Identification of Signaling Pathways

Auler, Nadine; Tonner, Henrik; Pfeiffer, Norbert; Grus, Franz H.

doi:10.3390/biology10121296

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 207 publications

(251 reference statements)

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“…These results suggest that glial cell activation occurs during glaucoma. Muller cell bodies are located in the inner nuclear layer, and Muller cell processes form the inner and outer membrane [19]. The expression of glutamine synthetase (GS) in Muller cells of the ocular hypertension group decreased [20], especially in the ocular hypertension group caused by anterior chamber injection of atropine sulfate microspheres.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injection of New PMMA* Loaded Microspheres into Anterior Chamber to Establish a Rabbit Glaucoma Model

2023

MEDSC

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Objective: To develop a novel PMMA material microsphere and characterize it. Named it PMMA*.The microsphere was loaded with drugs, and the intraocular pressure of rabbits was increased by anterior chamber injection, so as to establish a new animal model of ocular hypertension. Methods: PMMA* microspheres with a diameter of 50-80μm were prepared, and the drug loading, release and biosafety of PMMA* microspheres were analyzed. PMMA* microsphere suspension was prepared at 1% dosage of atropine sulfate. Eighteen healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were selected, with the right eye as the experimental eye and the left eye as the control eye. They were randomly divided into blank microsphere group, atropine sulfate group and atropine sulfate loaded microsphere group with 6 rabbits in each group. The chronic ocular hypertension model of the right eye was established. Intraocular pressure was monitored postoperatively and Micro-CT was used to determine the position of the microsphere at the anterior chamber Angle. The pathological changes of chronic glaucoma were studied. Results: PMMA* microspheres have the characteristics of micropore structure, adjustable size, slow release, in situ residence and good biosafety. There was no significant difference in preoperative intraocular pressure in rabbits (P>0.05), which was comparable. At 15 days after surgery, the intraocular pressure in experimental eyes was significantly higher than that in control eyes, with statistical significance (P<0.05), and the increase of intraocular pressure caused by drug-loaded PMMA* microspheres was more significant. Micro-CT determined the position of the microsphere in the anterior chamber Angle of rabbit. The atropine sulfate loaded microspheres showed more obvious ganglion cell -retinal nerve fiber layer damage. Conclusions:The PMMA* microspheres synthesized in this study have good drug loading performance and slow release performance. Intraventral injection of drug-loaded PMMA* microspheres can block the outflow of aqueous solution to establish a better chronic glaucoma model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injection of New PMMA* Loaded Microspheres into Anterior Chamber to Establish a Rabbit Glaucoma Model

2023

MEDSC

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“…Several studies have indicated the involvement of the immune system in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Increased autoantibody titers against ocular tissue antigens were observed in the sera and aqueous humor of normal-as well as high-pressure glaucoma patients [107][108][109][110]. Also, proteins of the immune system, including the complement proteins C1q, C3, and C8, were found to be upregulated in the aqueous humor of glaucoma patients.…”

Section: Contribution Of the Immune System In Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 97%

Glaucoma Animal Models beyond Chronic IOP Increase

Tsai,

Reinehr,

Deppe

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Glaucoma is a complex and multifactorial disease defined as the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. Besides an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), other mechanisms play a pivotal role in glaucoma onset and progression. For example, it is known that excitotoxicity, immunological alterations, ischemia, and oxidative stress contribute to the neurodegeneration in glaucoma disease. To study these effects and to discover novel therapeutic approaches, appropriate animal models are needed. In this review, we focus on various glaucoma animal models beyond an elevated IOP. We introduce genetically modified mice, e.g., the optineurin E50K knock-in or the glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST)-deficient mouse. Excitotoxicity can be mimicked by injecting the glutamate analogue N-methyl-D-aspartate intravitreally, which leads to rapid RGC degeneration. To explore the contribution of the immune system, the experimental autoimmune glaucoma model can serve as a useful tool. Here, immunization with antigens led to glaucoma-like damage. The ischemic mechanism can be mimicked by inducing a high IOP for a certain amount of time in rodents, followed by reperfusion. Thereby, damage to the retina and the optic nerve occurs rapidly after ischemia/reperfusion. Lastly, we discuss the importance of optic nerve crush models as model systems for normal-tension glaucoma. In summary, various glaucoma models beyond IOP increase can be utilized.

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“…Не выявлено корреляционной взаимосвязи с уровнем внутриглазного давления, объемом и площадью нейроретинального пояска. Увеличение риска развития глаукомы установлено только у больных с высокими показателями TNFα, превышающими 165 пкг/ мл (OR=7,09, CI=1,61-3,27), p=0,004, что согласуется с ранее полученными результатами [3][4][5].…”

Section: Stavropol State Medical University Russian Federationunclassified

Tear fluid cytokines as potential biomarkers for primary open-angle glaucoma

Barycheva,

Kakulia,

Minasyan

2023

Medical news of the North Caucasus

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Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет, махачкала, Российская Федерация facTors affecTing The surViVal of paTienTs WiTh chronic ischemic hearT Disease in The repuBlic of DagesTan panakhova D. Z., mammayev s. n., chamsutdinov n. u. Dagestan state medical university, makhachkala, russian federationИзучение влияния различных факторов на выживаемость больных с хронической ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) весьма актуально для оптимизации вторичной профилактики. В связи с этим были обследованы 85 пациентов с диагнозом «ИБС. Стабильная стенокардия напряжения». На первом этапе собраны данные из историй болезни.

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Antibody and Protein Profiles in Glaucoma: Screening of Biomarkers and Identification of Signaling Pathways

Cited by 5 publications

References 207 publications

Injection of New PMMA* Loaded Microspheres into Anterior Chamber to Establish a Rabbit Glaucoma Model

Injection of New PMMA* Loaded Microspheres into Anterior Chamber to Establish a Rabbit Glaucoma Model

Glaucoma Animal Models beyond Chronic IOP Increase

Tear fluid cytokines as potential biomarkers for primary open-angle glaucoma

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