Antibody and B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

Röltgen, Katharina; Boyd, Scott D.

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2021.06.009

Cited by 117 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 103 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with several previous publications [ 19 ], in antibody and T cell responses, dramatic variabilities were observed between study participants across all assays. It is likely a consequence of the genetic variability among individuals, including different allelic versions of the HLA genes and other, more or less identified genetic loci [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of antibody and T cell responses elicited by BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adult humans

Vályi‐Nagy¹,

Matula

Gönczi³

et al. 2021

GeroScience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, humoral and T cell-mediated immune responses elicited by BBIBP-CorV (inactivated virus) and BNT162b2 (mRNA-based) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 virus were compared. Convalescent volunteers were also investigated to evaluate adaptive immunity induced by live virus. Although both vaccines induced antibody- and T cell-mediated immune responses, our analysis revealed significant quantitative and qualitative differences between the two types of challenges. The BBIBP-CorV vaccine elicited antireceptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG, as well as anti-spike protein (S) IgG and IgA antibodies in healthy individuals, the levels of which were much lower than after BNT162b2 vaccination but still higher than in the convalescent patients. The cumulative IFNγ-positive T cell response, however, was only twofold higher in participants injected with BNT162b2 compared to those who were primed and boosted with BBIBP-CorV vaccine. Moreover, the inactivated virus vaccine induced T cell response that targets not only the S but also the nucleocapsid (N) and membrane (M) proteins, whereas the mRNA vaccine was able to elicit a much narrower response that targets the S protein epitopes only. Thus, the pattern of BBIBP-CorV-induced T cell response in virus-naive participants was similar to the cell-mediated anti-SARS-CoV-2 response observed in convalescent patients. Based on these data, we can conclude that the BBIBP-CorV inactivated virus vaccine is immunologically effective. However, the duration of BBIBP-CorV-induced integrated, antibody, and T cell-mediated, immune responses needs further investigation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of antibody and T cell responses elicited by BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adult humans

Vályi‐Nagy¹,

Matula

Gönczi³

et al. 2021

GeroScience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, differences in the inflammatory context and the anatomic sites of immune response induction may have an impact on NAb production. 11 Another point to consider is that immunocompromised patients, including those with MM, may present high viral loads and delayed viral clearance. Therefore, antibody expansion and epitope spreading is prolonged, which may result in enhanced humoral response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, antibody expansion and epitope spreading is prolonged, which may result in enhanced humoral response. 11 , 12 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloma patients with COVID‐19 have superior antibody responses compared to patients fully vaccinated with the BNT162b2 vaccine

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have a suboptimal antibody response following vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and lower seroconversion rates following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) compared with healthy individuals. In this context, we evaluated the development of neutralising antibodies (NAbs) against SARS‐CoV‐2 in non‐vaccinated patients with MM and COVID‐19 compared with patients after vaccination with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Serum was collected either four weeks post confirmed diagnosis or four weeks post a second dose of BNT162b2. NAbs were measured with a Food and Drug Administration‐approved enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay methodology. Thirty‐five patients with COVID‐19 and MM along with 35 matched patients were included. The two groups did not differ in age, sex, body mass index, prior lines of therapy, disease status, lymphocyte count, immunoglobulin levels and comorbidities. Patients with MM and COVID‐19 showed a superior humoral response compared with vaccinated patients with MM. The median (interquartile range) NAb titre was 87·6% (71·6–94%) and 58·7% (21·4–91·8%) for COVID‐19‐positive and vaccinated patients, respectively ( P = 0·01).Importantly, there was no difference in NAb production between COVID‐19‐positive and vaccinated patients who did not receive any treatment (median NAb 85·1% vs 91·7%, P = 0·14). In conclusion, our data indicate that vaccinated patients with MM on treatment without prior COVID‐19 should be considered for booster vaccine doses.

show abstract

“…Humoral immune responses are mediated by antibodies directed to viral surface proteins (mainly the spike and nucleocapsid proteins), whereas the cellular immune responses target a wider repertoire of both structural and non-structural viral proteins. 30 , 31 …”

Section: Special Characteristics Of Sars-cov-2 Infection That Affect Testing Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostics for COVID-19: moving from pandemic response to control

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diagnostics have proven to be crucial to the COVID-19 pandemic response. There are three major methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection and their role has evolved during the course of the pandemic. Molecular tests such as PCR are highly sensitive and specific at detecting viral RNA, and are recommended by WHO for confirming diagnosis in individuals who are symptomatic and for activating public health measures. Antigen rapid detection tests detect viral proteins and, although they are less sensitive than molecular tests, have the advantages of being easier to do, giving a faster time to result, of being lower cost, and able to detect infection in those who are most likely to be at risk of transmitting the virus to others. Antigen rapid detection tests can be used as a public health tool for screening individuals at enhanced risk of infection, to protect people who are clinically vulnerable, to ensure safe travel and the resumption of schooling and social activities, and to enable economic recovery. With vaccine roll-out, antibody tests (which detect the host's response to infection or vaccination) can be useful surveillance tools to inform public policy, but should not be used to provide proof of immunity, as the correlates of protection remain unclear. All three types of COVID-19 test continue to have a crucial role in the transition from pandemic response to pandemic control.

show abstract

Antibody and B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

Cited by 117 publications

References 103 publications

Comparison of antibody and T cell responses elicited by BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adult humans

Comparison of antibody and T cell responses elicited by BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adult humans

Myeloma patients with COVID‐19 have superior antibody responses compared to patients fully vaccinated with the BNT162b2 vaccine

Diagnostics for COVID-19: moving from pandemic response to control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About