Antibodies to Type A Influenza Virus in Wild Waterbirds from Argentina

Brown, Justin D.; Luttrell, M. Page; Uhart, Marcela; Ferreyra, Hebe; Romano, Marcelo Munhões; Rago, María Virginia; Stallknecht, David E.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-46.3.1040

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, the AIV-naïve species may be good sentinels during HPAIV mortality events because they have limited potential for cross-immunity. Overall, our results, in concert with those from other AIV antibody prevalence studies [19], [29], [47], suggest that surveillance for virus shedding alone may provide an incomplete picture of transmission potential relative to surveys which also include antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

High Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Avian Influenza Viruses among Wild Waterfowl in Alaska: Implications for Surveillance

et al. 2013

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We examined seroprevalence (presence of detectable antibodies in serum) for avian influenza viruses (AIV) among 4,485 birds, from 11 species of wild waterfowl in Alaska (1998–2010), sampled during breeding/molting periods. Seroprevalence varied among species (highest in eiders (Somateria and Polysticta species), and emperor geese (Chen canagica)), ages (adults higher than juveniles), across geographic locations (highest in the Arctic and Alaska Peninsula) and among years in tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus). All seroprevalence rates in excess of 60% were found in marine-dependent species. Seroprevalence was much higher than AIV infection based on rRT-PCR or virus isolation alone. Because pre-existing AIV antibodies can infer some protection against highly pathogenic AIV (HPAI H5N1), our results imply that some wild waterfowl in Alaska could be protected from lethal HPAIV infections. Seroprevalence should be considered in deciphering patterns of exposure, differential infection, and rates of AIV transmission. Our results suggest surveillance programs include species and populations with high AIV seroprevalences, in addition to those with high infection rates. Serologic testing, including examination of serotype-specific antibodies throughout the annual cycle, would help to better assess spatial and temporal patterns of AIV transmission and overall disease dynamics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

High Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Avian Influenza Viruses among Wild Waterfowl in Alaska: Implications for Surveillance

et al. 2013

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“…Wild birds were captured with mist nets (12 m × 35mm mesh) open from 5:30–9 a.m. Cloacal and tracheal swabs were placed in viral transport media (VTM), stored in ice in the field, and transported to the National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production where a cold chain was maintained until testing. Serum samples were stored in phosphate buffered saline, centrifuged, and cold chain maintained following established protocols (Brown et al, 2010; Smith et al, 2010). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative human and avian risk factors for avian influenza virus infections in backyard poultry in Egypt

Sheta

Fuller

Larison

et al. 2014

Veterinary Microbiology

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Highly pathogenic influenza A virus subtype H5N1 causes significant poultry mortality in the six countries where it is endemic and can also infect humans. Egypt has reported the third highest number of poultry outbreaks (n=1,084) globally. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to identify putative risk factors for H5N1 infections in backyard poultry in 16 villages in Damietta, El Gharbia, Fayoum, and Menofia governorates from 2010–2012. Cloacal and tracheal swabs and serum samples from domestic (n=1242)and wild birds (n=807) were tested for H5N1 via RT-PCR and hemagglutination inhibition, respectively. We measured poultry rearing practices with questionnaires (n=306 households) and contact rates among domestic and wild bird species with scan sampling. Domestic birds (chickens, ducks, and geese, n = 51) in three governorates tested positive for H5N1 by PCR or serology. A regression model identified a significant correlation between H5N1 in poultry and the practice of disposing of dead poultry and poultry feces in the garbage (F = 15.7, p< 0.0001). In addition, contact between domestic and wild birds was more frequent in villages where we detected H5N1 in backyard flocks (F= 29.5, p< 0.0001).

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“…When domestic and wild ducks share the same wetlands, they can transfer the infection to each other and help in the maintenance and spread of AIV (Kim et al., ). Serological tests are commonly used to detect previous exposure to AIV (Brown et al., ). Due to the role ducks play in the epidemiology of AI, it is of interest to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to AIV in ducks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐Sectional Serosurvey of Avian Influenza Antibodies Presence in Domestic Ducks of Kathmandu, Nepal

Karki

Lupiani

Budke

et al. 2013

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Kathmandu, Nepal has been classified as a high-risk area for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) by the Nepali Government. While ducks have an important role in the transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIV), including HPAI, seroprevalence of antibodies to AIV in domestic ducks of Kathmandu has never been assessed. The objectives of this study were (i) to estimate the prevalence of seroconversion to AIV in domestic ducks in major duck-raising areas of Kathmandu and (ii) to assess the effect of age, sex, presence of swine and the number of ducks on the farm on the carriage of antibodies to AIV in these ducks. From April through July of 2011, a cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 310 ducks in the major duck-raising areas of Kathmandu were sampled. The estimated prevalence of AIV antibodies was 27.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 24.6-29.5]. Of 62 enrolled farms, 42% had at least one seropositive duck. Half of the enrolled farms also kept pigs of which 52% had at least one seropositive duck. Bivariate analysis indicated association between ducks' seroconversion to AIV and their age, sex and farm size. However, the final multivariable model, after controlling for clustering of ducks within farms, identified age as the only significant risk factor. Based on this model, ducks older than 1 year of age were more likely to be seropositive compared to ducks <6 months of age [odds ratio = 2.17 (1.07-4.39)]. These results provide baseline information about the AIV seroprevalence in domestic ducks in the major duck-raising areas of Kathmandu and identify a high-risk group that can be targeted in surveillance activities. Future studies should be conducted to differentiate the subtypes of AIV present among domestic ducks in Kathmandu, with particular interest in the presence of HPAI viruses.

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Antibodies to Type A Influenza Virus in Wild Waterbirds from Argentina

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

High Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Avian Influenza Viruses among Wild Waterfowl in Alaska: Implications for Surveillance

High Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Avian Influenza Viruses among Wild Waterfowl in Alaska: Implications for Surveillance

Putative human and avian risk factors for avian influenza virus infections in backyard poultry in Egypt

Cross‐Sectional Serosurvey of Avian Influenza Antibodies Presence in Domestic Ducks of Kathmandu, Nepal

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