Antibodies to Haemophilus Influenzae in Chronic Bronchitis

Glynn, A. A.

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5157.911

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Seven of the eight studies used a single or a small panel of laboratory strains of H. influenzae as antigen instead of the strains recovered from sputum during the exacerbations (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)18). In view of the considerable variation in the surface antigenic structure among H. influenzae strains, such a method fails to detect strainspecific immune responses (7).…”

Section: Conventional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In view of the considerable variation in the surface antigenic structure among H. influenzae strains, such a method fails to detect strainspecific immune responses (7). Furthermore, immunoassays used in seven of the eight studies were not specific for antibodies to epitopes exposed on the bacterial surface, an approach that will not detect potentially protective antibodies in the background of antibodies to nonsurface-exposed or cross-reactive epitopes (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)18).…”

Section: Conventional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A critical analysis of eight of these studies demonstrates their limitations in light of current knowledge of bacterial pathogenesis (Table 3) (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Four of these studies compared antibodies in single sera obtained from patients with sera obtained from healthy control subjects rather than between paired sera obtained from individual patients before and after the exacerbation, potentially failing to detect significant immune responses (11)(12)(13)(14). In the other four studies, where paired sera were used, the acute sera were obtained at the time of presentation rather than before the onset of infection (15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Conventional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteria in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Phenomenon or Epiphenomenon?

Sethi¹

2004

Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society

128

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Our understanding of the pathogenesis and consequences of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has increased considerably in the past decade. Several new lines of evidence support bacterial causation of approximately half of the exacerbations in COPD. Acquisition of new strains of bacterial pathogens in patients with COPD is associated with a substantial increase in risk of exacerbation. Bacterial pathogens are isolated in significant concentrations from bronchoscopic samples obtained during acute exacerbation. Neutrophilic airway inflammation is associated with isolation of bacterial pathogens from sputum. A specific immune response to the infecting strains of bacterial pathogens isolated from sputum during exacerbations has been demonstrated. Future work should strive to understand better the host-pathogen interaction that leads to an exacerbation and to develop novel therapeutic and preventive measures.

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Section: Conventional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Conventional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Conventional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bacteria in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Phenomenon or Epiphenomenon?

Sethi¹

2004

Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society

128

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“…Studies of the immune response to NTHI in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease have been important in establishing a pathogenic role for the organism (5,7,10,13). In addition, research has focused on the antigenicity of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of NTHI (6,8,12,(16)(17)(18), since naturally produced or vaccine-stimulated antibodies specific for surface-exposed epitopes of these proteins are important in immune-mediated bacterial clearance mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Response to Haemophilus parainfluenzae in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Mitchell

Hill

2000

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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Haemophilus parainfluenzae is often isolated from the sputa of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. We have investigated the immune response to this organism in patients with chronic bronchitis (n ‫؍‬ 3) and bronchiectasis (n ‫؍‬ 10) and in healthy controls (n ‫؍‬ 9). Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of H. parainfluenzae were purified for use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent and immunoblot assays. Whole-cell H. parainfluenzae preparations were used to adsorb antibodies from serum samples, which were subsequently immunoblot assayed to investigate the antibody response to surface-exposed epitopes. Levels of H. parainfluenzae-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), but not IgA or IgM, were increased in the sera of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease compared to levels in control subjects. The species specificity of the antibody response was confirmed, although a degree of cross-reactivity with H. influenzae antigens was observed. IgA and IgG specific for OMPs of H. parainfluenzae were demonstrated to be present in the sputa and sera of five patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Variation in the pattern and intensity of antigen recognition was observed among patients and among immunoglobulin classes. OMPs of approximately 36, 22, and 15 kDa were confirmed to possess epitopes exposed on the surface of intact H. parainfluenzae. We have demonstrated the presence of a species-specific systemic immune response to H. parainfluenzae in colonized patients. A specific antibody response was also observed in sputum, and the antigen specificity of these responses in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease was investigated for the first time. The presence of a specific immune response suggests that H. parainfluenzae may have a pathogenic role in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.

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“…The direct agglutination method (DA) is not practicable, due to the frequent occurrence of spontaneous agglutination and to the presence of a large number of antigenic variants of non-capsulated H. influenzae strains [16,19,20,23]. Serological analyses of such H. influenzae infections have been performed by means of complement fixation [19] and IHA [7]. In these tests intracellular antigen preparations from non-capsulated bacteria were used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Studies of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>

Branefors-Helander¹

1973

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Rabbits were immunized with capsulated and non-capsulated H. influenzae bacteria in order to study the antibody response to capsular antigens and·antigens. The response was studied by means of immunodiffusion (ID), direct agglutination (DA), indirect hemagglutination (IHA), and complement fixation (CF) with whole bacteria. The ID analyses showed that anti-O precipitins were generally demonstrable after one week of immunization. Anti-capsular precipitins were demonstrable after two weeks for the hyperimmunized rabbits, but not until one week after the booster dose for the rabbit given a single primary injection. Anti-O agglutinins (DA) were revealed in all rabbits. Maximum levels were revealed early during the immunization and the antibody response for the rabbit given a single dose was as high as for the hyperimmunized rabbits. The titers then generally remained unchanged until the booster dose was given. The boostering did not cause a further titer increase. Anti-capsular agglutinins (DA and IHA) showed considerably lower titers for the rabbit given a single primary injection than for those given repeated injections. The anti-capsular titers decreased during the immunization interval and the booster injections caused a titer increase. For the anti-S sera, the CF test was found to measure the anti-O response, not only when S bacteria but also when M bacteria were used for the test. In addition, cross-reacting anti-O agglutinins and CF antibodies were demonstrated. These anti-O agglutinins, however, could be absorbed without diminishing the homologous anti-O titers. Finally, the suitability of the aforementioned serological method for different purposes is discussed.

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Antibodies to Haemophilus Influenzae in Chronic Bronchitis

Cited by 43 publications

References 6 publications

Bacteria in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Phenomenon or Epiphenomenon?

Bacteria in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Phenomenon or Epiphenomenon?

Immune Response to Haemophilus parainfluenzae in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Serological Studies of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>

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