Antibodies to Glycolipids in Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Miller Fisher Syndrome and Related Autoimmune Neurological Diseases

Kusunoki, Susumu

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_16

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Anti-GQ1B antibodies are associated with Miller-Fisher syndrome, while anti-GQ1b and anti-GT1a IgG antibodies can be demonstrated in the acute oropharyngeal variant of GBS. However, apart from the association of Miller-Fisher syndrome with anti-GQ1B antibodies, the sensitivity and specificity of all antibodies for specific subtypes is low to moderate yield for clinical utility [38][39][40]. Considering that some patients are seronegative for anti-ganglioside antibodies, more studies are required to explain the role of anti-ganglioside antibodies in GBS, either as a cause or an epiphenomenon.…”

Section: The Molecular Diagnostic the Serum Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular, Electrophysiological, and Ultrasonographic Differences in Selected Immune-Mediated Neuropathies with Therapeutic Implications

Dziadkowiak,

Nowakowska-Kotas,

Rałowska-Gmoch

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The spectrum of immune-mediated neuropathies is broad and the different subtypes are still being researched. With the numerous subtypes of immune-mediated neuropathies, establishing the appropriate diagnosis in normal clinical practice is challenging. The treatment of these disorders is also troublesome. The authors have undertaken a literature review of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). The molecular, electrophysiological and ultrasound features of these autoimmune polyneuropathies are analyzed, highlighting the differences in diagnosis and ultimately treatment. The immune dysfunction can lead to damage to the peripheral nervous system. In practice, it is suspected that these disorders are caused by autoimmunity to proteins located in the node of Ranvier or myelin components of peripheral nerves, although disease-associated autoantibodies have not been identified for all disorders. The electrophysiological presence of conduction blocks is another important factor characterizing separate subgroups of treatment-naive motor neuropathies, including multifocal CIDP (synonyms: multifocal demyelinating neuropathy with persistent conduction block), which differs from multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (MMN) in both responses to treatment modalities and electrophysiological features. Ultrasound is a reliable method for diagnosing immune-mediated neuropathies, particularly when alternative diagnostic examinations yield inconclusive results. In overall terms, the management of these disorders includes immunotherapy such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange. Improvements in clinical criteria and the development of more disease-specific immunotherapies should expand the therapeutic possibilities for these debilitating diseases.

show abstract

Section: The Molecular Diagnostic the Serum Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%