Antibodies protect mice against challenge with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV)-infected macrophages

Kreil, Thomas R.; Burger, Ingrid; Bachmann, Michael; Fraiss, Sabine; Eibl, Martha M.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.1997.4311446.x

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The case for tick-borne encephalitis seems reasonably clear: antibodies are protective, and a level of 125 ELISA units is considered sufficient (77).…”

Section: Viruses Transmitted By Arthropodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Protection Induced by Vaccination

Plotkin

2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

1,407

1,158

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This paper attempts to summarize current knowledge about immune responses to vaccines that correlate with protection. Although the immune system is redundant, almost all current vaccines work through antibodies in serum or on mucosa that block infection or bacteremia/viremia and thus provide a correlate of protection. The functional characteristics of antibodies, as well as quantity, are important. Antibody may be highly correlated with protection or synergistic with other functions. Immune memory is a critical correlate: effector memory for short-incubation diseases and central memory for long-incubation diseases. Cellular immunity acts to kill or suppress intracellular pathogens and may also synergize with antibody. For some vaccines, we have no true correlates, but only useful surrogates, for an unknown protective response.

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“…The case for tick-borne encephalitis seems reasonably clear: antibodies are protective, and a level of 125 ELISA units is considered sufficient (77).…”

Section: Viruses Transmitted By Arthropodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Protection Induced by Vaccination

Plotkin

2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

1,407

1,158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1B) (21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Because of its essential func-tions in receptor binding and entry (20), E is the major target of virus neutralizing antibodies, and their induction correlates with protection against flavivirus-induced disease, including TBE (31)(32)(33). Studies using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) demonstrated that binding to each of the three domains of E can lead to virus neutralization, and highly potent antibodies were shown to be directed at a surface-exposed epitope within DIII, the so-called DIII lateral ridge (DIII-lr) epitope (34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Hydroxide Influences Not Only the Extent but Also the Fine Specificity and Functional Activity of Antibody Responses to Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Mice

Zlatkovic

Tsouchnikas

Jarmer

et al. 2013

J Virol

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Aluminum hydroxide is the most widely used adjuvant in human vaccines and serves as a potent enhancer of antibody production. Its stimulatory effect strongly depends on the adsorption of the antigen to the adjuvant, which may influence antigen presentation and, as a consequence, the fine specificity of antibody responses. Such variations can have functional consequences and can modulate the effectiveness of humoral immunity. Therefore, we investigated the influence of aluminum hydroxide on the fine specificity of antibody responses in a model study in mice using an inactivated purified virus particle, the flavivirus tickborne encephalitis (TBE) virus, as an immunogen. To dissect and quantify the specificities of polyclonal antibodies in postimmunization sera, we established a platform of immunoassays using recombinant forms of the major target of neutralizing antibodies (protein E) as well as individual domains of E (DIII and the combination of DI and DII [DI؉DII]). Our analyses revealed a higher proportion of neutralizing than virion binding (as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) antibodies after immunization with aluminum hydroxide. Furthermore, the induction of antibodies to DIII, a known target of potently neutralizing antibodies, as well as their contributions to virus neutralization were significantly greater in mice immunized with adjuvant and correlated with a higher avidity of these antibodies. Thus, our data provide evidence that aluminum hydroxide can lead to functionally relevant modulations of antibody fine specificities in addition to its known overall immune enhancement effect.

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“…Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage were recently demonstrated to represent an important source of local virus replication before viremia occurs [6] . Thus, in this work, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used for the first time to demonstrate ultrastructural changes of mouse macrophage infected with TBEV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infection of Cultured Mouse Macrophages

Ahantarig

Růžek²,

Vancová³

et al. 2009

Intervirology

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The interactions of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) with mouse macrophages were studied at the electron microscopic level. The cultured mouse macrophages were sensitive to infection with TBEV strain Hypr (a highly neuroinvasive and neurovirulent strain for laboratory mice) and produced relatively high virus titers. However, these macrophage cells remained morphologically inactivated. Viral particles were located mainly in the ER but were also present in other exocytic compartments. No virus production was observed in cells infected with the attenuated, non-neuroinvasive TBEV strain 263. In this case, the infection led to a clear morphological activation of the macrophages. In conclusion, the virus replication process in mouse macrophage cells might be different from that in other mammalian cell lines since the smooth membrane structures, which are thought to be the sites for flavivirus replication, were not observed. Moreover, different TBEV strains exhibited a different interaction with the host macrophages. The inability of strain 263 to replicate in mouse macrophages as the first site of significant viral replication in vivo could be associated with the inability of this strain to establish a serious infection in mice.

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Antibodies protect mice against challenge with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV)-infected macrophages

Cited by 41 publications

References 12 publications

Correlates of Protection Induced by Vaccination

Correlates of Protection Induced by Vaccination

Aluminum Hydroxide Influences Not Only the Extent but Also the Fine Specificity and Functional Activity of Antibody Responses to Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Mice

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infection of Cultured Mouse Macrophages

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