Antibodies against Myelin Lipids in Multiple Sclerosis

Ivanova, M. V.; Zakharova, M. N.

doi:10.1134/s0362119717080023

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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Section: Antibodies To Lipids Are a Main Characteristic Of Ms Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) demonstrated the high prevalence of antibodies to lipids in serum and CSF samples from MS patients (Table 1). They recognize a broad spectrum of gangliosides 61 (aGM1, 62 GM1, 37,58,62-66 GM2 37 GM3, 37,63,64 GM4, 37 GD1a, 58,[62][63][64]67 GD1b, 37,58,63 GD2, 37,67 GD3, 37,63,64,67 GT1a, 37 and GTB 37 ), sulfatide, 37,58,64,68,69 Interestingly, new microarray techniques showed the presence in the CSF of antibodies to lipids up to 60% of MS patients, being sulfatides the antigens recognized in most cases. [74][75][76] Nevertheless, the incidence of the antibodies to this lipids is lower compared with that of the OIgGBs, 14,17,18,77 and these techniques are not currently used in the diagnosis of MS. 73…”

Section: Antibodies To Lipids Are a Main Characteristic Of Ms Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, the detection of OIgGBs is cumbersome and the sensitivity between laboratories is very variable. [36][37][38] Moreover, it is necessary to perform a lumbar puncture to obtain CSF, an invasive technique with important side effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IgM to phosphatidylcholine in multiple sclerosis patients: from the diagnosis to the treatment

Sánchez-Vera,

Escudero,

Muñoz

et al. 2023

Ther Adv Neurol Disord

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. It affects young people, and a considerable percentage of patients need the help of a wheelchair in 15 years of evolution. Currently, there is not a specific technique for the diagnosis of MS. The detection of oligoclonal IgG bands (OIgGBs) is the most sensitive assay for it, but it is not standardizable, only reference laboratories develop it, and uses cerebrospinal fluid. To obtain this sample, a lumbar puncture is necessary, an invasive proceeding with important side effects. It is important to develop and implement standard assays to obtain a rapid diagnosis because the earlier the treatment, the better the evolution of the disease. There are numerous modifying disease therapies, which delay the progression of the disease, but they have important side effects, and a considerable percentage of patients give up the treatment. In addition, around 40% of MS patients do not respond to the therapy and the disease progresses. Numerous researches have been focused on the characterization of predictive biomarkers of response to treatment, in order to help physicians to decide when to change to a second-line treatment, and then the best therapeutic option. Here, we review the new biomarkers for the diagnosis and response to treatment in MS. We draw attention in a new assay, the detection of serum IgM to phosphatidylcholine, that showed a similar sensitivity as OIgGBs and predicts the response to disease modifying treatments.

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Section: Antibodies To Lipids Are a Main Characteristic Of Ms Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antibodies To Lipids Are a Main Characteristic Of Ms Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IgM to phosphatidylcholine in multiple sclerosis patients: from the diagnosis to the treatment

Sánchez-Vera,

Escudero,

Muñoz

et al. 2023

Ther Adv Neurol Disord

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“…In MS, stressed axons undergo oxidative reactions, instigating "virtual hypoxia" that damages the membrane's integrity and destabilizes myelin [183]. Similarly, post-translational modifications of myelin's lipoproteins, such as by citrullination (discussed below), could expose self-antigens or epitopes (that would usually be masked or unreachable to nAbs)-and thereby promote inflammation [184]. More about the pathogenic features of aAbs is reviewed in reference [163].…”

Section: B1 Cells In Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An extensive search for antigen specificities against which aAbs are directed in MS has risen recently. Among the known aAbs produced by B1 cells that recognize self-antigens are myelin-derived components, such as phosphatidylcholine (PtC), DNA-derived antigens, or neural-derived protein aggregates such as tau and amyloid-beta [64,184,185,[201][202][203][204][205]. However, a causative relationship or a direct link between a specific antigen and MS is still lacking.…”

Section: Ms-related Autoantibody Targets In the Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Forgotten Brother: The Innate-like B1 Cell in Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2022

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), traditionally considered a chronic autoimmune attack against the insulating myelin sheaths around axons. However, the exact etiology has not been identified and is likely multi-factorial. Recently, evidence has been accumulating that implies that autoimmune processes underlying MS may, in fact, be triggered by pathological processes initiated within the CNS. This review focuses on a relatively unexplored immune cell—the “innate-like” B1 lymphocyte. The B1 cell is a primary-natural-antibody- and anti-inflammatory-cytokine-producing cell present in the healthy brain. It has been recently shown that its frequency and function may differ between MS patients and healthy controls, but its exact involvement in the MS pathogenic process remains obscure. In this review, we propose that this enigmatic cell may play a more prominent role in MS pathology than ever imagined. We aim to shed light on the human B1 cell in health and disease, and how dysregulation in its delicate homeostatic role could impact MS. Furthermore, novel therapeutic avenues to restore B1 cells’ beneficial functions will be proposed.

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