Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions

Lodi, Giovanni; Azzi, Lorenzo; Varoni, Elena Maria; Pentenero, Monica; Fabbro, Massimo Del; Carrassi, Antonio; Sardella, Andrea; Manfredi, Maddalena

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003811.pub3

Cited by 79 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…In this 6-year retrospective case record study, the prevalence of postoperative infection after tooth extractions was reported to be low (1.4%) and no considerable advantage in 4 International Journal of Dentistry prescribing antibiotics for the prevention of postoperative infection after tooth extractions was noted. Furthermore, among the factors that were analysed in this study, only the complexity of the extraction was found to have a significant impact on the occurrence of postoperative infection after dental extractions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Furthermore, only 1% of the patients who did not have an antibiotic prescription had a postoperative infection, while 3.6% of the patients who were given an antibiotic prescription presented with an infection after extraction. Some studies do not recommend the use of antibiotics in the prevention of postoperative infections after extractions, as their effects in reducing the risk of infection are not significant [4,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, success in using antibiotics to prevent postoperative infections after third molar extractions has also been reported [9,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to a Cochrane review of randomized controlled trials, the risk of postoperative infection after a third molar extraction in young patients who are physically fit is approximately 10%. However, the risk is increased up to 25% in patients with a low immune system prior to the extraction [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown mixed results regarding the effects of antibiotic usage after extractions, leading to an unsettled decision about the necessity of antibiotics postextraction. While antibiotics have been reportedly found to be successful in preventing infections after third molar extractions in some studies [9][10][11], there are other studies that opposed the usage of antibiotics with the aim of preventing postextraction infections [4,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Postoperative Infection after Tooth Extraction: A Retrospective Study

Ying

Mohan

et al. 2021

International Journal of Dentistry

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The aim of the study was to identify the postoperative infection rates after tooth extraction in a university dental clinic and to identify the factors associated with an increased risk for postoperative infection. A retrospective study of case records of patients who underwent tooth extractions at the International Medical University’s Oral Health Centre (IMU-OHC) over a span of 6 years was conducted. Data on demography, patient-related factors, and treatment-related factors were extracted from the case records. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the odds ratio of a patient having a postoperative infection or not, comparing it with each variable. A total of 1821 extractions, including simple and complex extractions, were performed over 6 years. Only 25 (1.4%) of the cases were reported to have a postoperative infection. The complexity of the extraction was the only variable that significantly affected the occurrence of postoperative infection after extraction; more complex extractions were reported with higher rates of infection (binary logistic regression, OR = 2.03, p = 0.004). None of the other factors, including antibiotic prescription, had a significant influence on the occurrence of postoperative infection. The prevalence of postoperative infection after dental extractions was low in IMU-OHC, and prescribing antibiotics had no added advantage in the prevention of postoperative infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prevalence of Postoperative Infection after Tooth Extraction: A Retrospective Study

Ying

Mohan

et al. 2021

International Journal of Dentistry

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“…Specifically, there are no reports about prospective studies on the proper use of antimicrobials targeted in the Japanese population. While the Japanese guidelines were prepared with reference to past reports [1,2,5,19,27]. It has been reported that Japanese people are small in physical size compared to other races [21], so when applying overseas guidelines, it is necessary to consider the populations physical size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between the prophylactic effects of amoxicillin 24 and 48 hours pre-operatively on surgical site infections in Japanese patients with impacted mandibular third molars: A prospective cohort study

Yoshida

Kodama

Nishikawa

et al. 2021

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

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Introduction: According to the guidelines, the dosage for mandibular wisdom tooth extraction (MWTE) varies within the administration period. There is a 24-fold difference between the minimum and maximum doses. If an appropriate antimicrobial can be administered without increasing incidence of surgical site infection (SSI), it may lead to a global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Therefore, we prospectively surveyed incidence of SSI post-operatively and use of oral antibiotics (OA) for MWTE. Methods: Subjects were patients who underwent MWTE in our dental outpatient clinic from May 2019 to April 2020. Two groups were formed depending on type of administration period they received: 24 h and 48 h after surgery. The following information was collected: (1) patient factors (age, gender, body mass index, presence/absence of preoperative medication, diagnosis, impacted wisdom tooth status; (2) surgical factors (operative time, presence/absence of closure, presence/absence of hemostat, doctor career, type and frequency of painkiller); (3) relationship between administration period of OA and SSI occurrence; and (4) details of SSI. Results: Three hundred forty subjects were analyzed, all of which used amoxicillin. There were 106 cases in 24 h group and 234 cases in 48 h group. The total incidence of SSI was 1.1% (4/340 cases), with 0.9% (1/ 106 cases) in 24 h group and 1.3% (3/234 cases) in 48 h group; there was no difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Our study suggests that amoxicillin (250 mg/dose every 8 h x 3 doses beginning 1 h before surgery) might be sufficient in preventing SSI in Japanese dental patients without SSI risk factors.

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Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket)

Daly

Sharif

Newton³

et al. 2012

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Most tooth extractions are undertaken by dentists for a variety of reasons, however, all but three studies included in the present review included participants undergoing extraction of third molars, most of which were undertaken by oral surgeons. There is some evidence that rinsing with chlorhexidine (0.12% and 0.2%) or placing chlorhexidine gel (0.2%) in the sockets of extracted teeth, provides a benefit in preventing dry socket. There was insufficient evidence to determine the effects of the other 10 preventative interventions each evaluated in single studies. There was insufficient evidence to determine the effects of any of the interventions to treat dry socket. The present review found some evidence for the association of minor adverse reactions with use of 0.12%, 0.2% and 2% chlorhexidine mouthrinses, though most studies were not designed to detect the presence of hypersensitivity reactions to mouthwash as part of the study protocol. No adverse events were reported in relation to the use of 0.2% chlorhexidine gel placed directly into a socket (though previous allergy to chlorhexidine was an exclusion criterion in these trials). In view of recent reports in the UK of two cases of serious adverse events associated with irrigation of dry socket with chlorhexidine mouthrinse, it is recommended that all members of the dental team prescribing chlorhexidine products are aware of the potential for both minor and serious adverse side effects.

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Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions

Cited by 79 publications

References 107 publications

Prevalence of Postoperative Infection after Tooth Extraction: A Retrospective Study

Prevalence of Postoperative Infection after Tooth Extraction: A Retrospective Study

Comparison between the prophylactic effects of amoxicillin 24 and 48 hours pre-operatively on surgical site infections in Japanese patients with impacted mandibular third molars: A prospective cohort study

Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket)

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