Antibiotics Resistance Profile of Uropathogens Isolated from Al Buraimi Hospital, Sultanate of Oman

Khalid, Mansoor; Naimi, Maryam Khalifa Al; Saleem, Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza; Ullah, Muhammad Muqeet; Baloshi, Ahmed Yar Mohammed Dawood Al

doi:10.5539/gjhs.v10n1p98

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Escherichia coli is the most common occurring uropathogen in UTIs [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], accounting for 75–95% of all CA-UTIs reported globally [ 33 ]. These reports corroborate the finding of the current study in which over 80% of isolates obtained from the cultured urine samples were E. coli .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Urban and Rural Settings in South Africa

et al. 2020

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We investigated the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance, and clonality of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) implicated in community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Mid-stream urine samples (n = 143) were cultured on selective media. Isolates were identified using the API 20E kit and their susceptibility to 17 antibiotics tested using the disk diffusion method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were detected using ROSCO kits. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect uropathogenic E. coli (targeting the papC gene), and β-lactam (blaTEM/blaSHV-like and blaCTX-M) and fluoroquinolone (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, gyrA, parC, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, and qepA) resistance genes. Clonality was ascertained using ERIC-PCR. The prevalence of UTIs of Gram-negative etiology among adults 18–60 years of age in the uMgungundlovu District was 19.6%. Twenty-six E. coli isolates were obtained from 28 positive UTI samples. All E. coli isolates were papC-positive. The highest resistance was to ampicillin (76.9%) and the lowest (7.7%) to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and gentamycin. Four isolates were multidrug-resistant and three were ESBL-positive, all being CTX-M-positive but SHV-negative. The aac(6’)-Ib-cr and gyrA were the most detected fluoroquinolone resistance genes (75%). Isolates were clonally distinct, suggesting the spread of genetically diverse UPEC clones within the three communities. This study highlights the spread of genetically diverse antibiotic-resistant CA-UTI aetiologic agents, including multidrug-resistant ones, and suggests a revision of current treatment options for CA-UTIs in rural and urban settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Urban and Rural Settings in South Africa

et al. 2020

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Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and their resistance determinants in the Eastern Mediterranean Region over the last decade

Sleiman

Fayad

Banna

et al. 2021

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

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Magnitude of Multidrug-resistant Bacterial Uropathogens and Associated Factors in Urinary Tract Infection Suspected Adult HIV-Positive Patients in Southern Ethiopia

Simeneh¹,

Gezimu²,

Woldemariam³

et al. 2022

TOMICROJ

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Background: Due to the reduction of their immunity, people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are more susceptible to acquiring urinary tract infections (UTI). Moreover, the emergence of drug-resistant bacterial uropathogens has grown widely and now constitutes a severe clinical problem among HIV-positive patients. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the ART clinic of Arba Minch General Hospital from 1st January to 30th May, 2021. A total of 251 adult HIV-positive patients clinically suspected of having UTIs were systematically recruited. Socio-demographic and other factors were collected by a pre-tested structured questionnaire. A clean-catch mid-stream urine sample was collected and inoculated onto blood agar, MacConkey agar, and cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED). The inoculated culture media were incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24 hrs. After overnight incubation, significant bacteriuria, 105 CFU/ml, was considered. Bacterial identification was made by standard protocols. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. A P-value less than 0.05 was used as statistical significance. Results: The overall magnitude of multidrug-resistant (MDR) uropathogens was found to be 14.3%, with a 95% CI (10-19.1). Gram-negative bacteria (83.3%) were the predominant MDR isolates, with E. coli (41.7%) followed by K. pneumoniae (22.2%). All isolates of S. aureus and two-thirds of the isolated CoNS were MDR. A total of 30% and 16.7% of Gram-negative isolates were ESBL and carbapenemase producers, respectively, whereas 50% and 33.3% of isolated S. aureus and CoNS were methicillin-resistant, respectively. Antibiotic use in the previous 6 months [AOR = 6.7, 95% CI: (2.53-17.6)], presence of chronic underlying disease [AOR = 7.03, 95% CI: (1.72-28.73)], antibiotic use without a prescription [AOR = 9.7, 95% CI: (3.53-26.675)], CD4+ counts less than 250 cells/mm3 [AOR = 8.05, 95% CI: (2.078–31.154)], and CD4+ count in between 250-500 cells/mm3 [AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: (1.05-5.923)] were found to be statistically significant associated with MDR uropathogens. Conclusion: This study found a significant number of multidrug-resistant uropathogens, indicating that healthcare providers should be aware of this and take urgent action to minimize resistance spread, as well as consider current empirical antibiotic therapy for UTI in HIV-positive patients.

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Antibiotics Resistance Profile of Uropathogens Isolated from Al Buraimi Hospital, Sultanate of Oman

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Urban and Rural Settings in South Africa

Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Urban and Rural Settings in South Africa

Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and their resistance determinants in the Eastern Mediterranean Region over the last decade

Magnitude of Multidrug-resistant Bacterial Uropathogens and Associated Factors in Urinary Tract Infection Suspected Adult HIV-Positive Patients in Southern Ethiopia

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