Antibiotics prior to embryo transfer in ART

Kroon, Ben; Hart, Roger; Wong, Brittany; Yazdani, Anusch

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008995

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Endometrial implantation of the embryo is the singular most important event that determines the success of IVF-embryo transfer (Fanchin et al, 1998). Successful embryo transfer hinges upon many factors, including the presence of microbial colonization of the upper genital tract (Kroon et al, 2012). Uterocervical microbial colonization has been suspected to influence conception rates, with possible causes including an association between cervical microbial species and a pre-existing uterine infection, or colonization of the endometrium or the embryo during transport through the colonized cervix (Salim et al, 2002).…”

Section: Effects Of Assisted Reproductive Technology Procedures On Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If we accept the proposition that an altered VMB may have an influence on fertility and assisted reproductive technology outcomes, it is necessary to investigate possible therapeutic alternatives. It is conceivable that the administration of prophylactic oral antibiotics prior to embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI may have an impact on pregnancy rates by reducing the level of microbial colonization of the upper genital tract (Kroon et al, 2012). However, conflicting research findings have been reported to date.…”

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What fertility specialists should know about the vaginal microbiome: a review

García-Velasco

Menabrito

Catalán

2017

Reproductive BioMedicine Online

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Our understanding of the composition of the microbial communities that inhabit the human body, known as the 'microbiome', is aided by the development of non-culture-dependent DNA sequencing. It is increasingly apparent that the balance of microbial species greatly affects the health of the host. Disturbances in the composition of bacterial communities have been shown to contribute to various disease states, and there is a growing body of evidence that the vaginal microbiota, which is unique to each woman, plays an important role in determining many facets of reproductive health. The purpose of this review is to investigate what is currently known about the composition of the vaginal microbiome, including what is considered 'normal' in terms of bacterial species and abundance. We will investigate the impact of vaginal microbiome composition on reproductive outcomes within the context of infertility treatments, and the implications this has been shown to have on assisted reproductive technology procedures.

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Section: Effects Of Assisted Reproductive Technology Procedures On Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What fertility specialists should know about the vaginal microbiome: a review

García-Velasco

Menabrito

Catalán

2017

Reproductive BioMedicine Online

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“…One obvious question pertains to whether the use of antibiotics assists the progression of IVF. Unfortunately this question has been little researched in humans [296].…”

Section: Donor Egg Pregnancies Have a Hugely Inflated Chance Of Pementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological tolerance, pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: the roles of semen microbes and the father¹

Kenny

Kell

2017

Preprint

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Although it is widely recognised as involving two stages (poor placentation followed by oxidative stress/inflammation), the precise originating causes of pre-eclampsia (PE) remain elusive. We have previously brought together some of the considerable evidence that a (dormant) microbial component is commonly a significant part of its aetiology. However, apart from recognising, consistent with this view, that the many inflammatory markers of PE are also increased in infection, we had little to say about immunity, whether innate or adaptive. In addition, we focussed on the gut, oral and female urinary tract microbiomes as the main sources of the infection. We here marshall further evidence for an infectious component in PE, focussing on the immunological tolerance characteristic of pregnancy, and the well-established fact that increased exposure to the father’s semen assists this immunological tolerance. As well as these benefits, however, semen is not sterile, microbial tolerance mechanisms may exist, and we also review the evidence that semen may be responsible for inoculating the developing conceptus with microbes, not all of which are benign. It is suggested that when they are not, this may be a significant cause of preeclampsia. A variety of epidemiological and other evidence is entirely consistent with this, not least correlations between semen infection, infertility and PE. Our view also leads to a series of other, testable predictions. Overall, we argue for a significant paternal role in the development of PE through microbial infection of the mother via insemination. “In one of the last articles which he wrote, the late Professor F J Browne (1958) expressed the opinion that all the essential facts about pregnancy toxaemia are now available and that all that is required to solve the problem is to fit them together in the right order, like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle” [1]“It appears astonishing how little attention has been given in reproductive medicine to the maternal immune system over the last few decades.” [2]

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“…A recent Cochrane review analyzed randomized controlled trials in the literature that investigated antibiotics at ET [103]. Only four potential studies were identified, of which three were excluded.…”

Section: Antimicrobials and Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome, Infection and Inflammation in Infertility

Peymani¹,

DeCherney²

2016

Genital Infections and Infertility

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The implantation mechanism and process are very complex and require a precise interaction between the embryo and endometrium. The failure to implant is thought to be due to implantation environment factors or embryonic factors." suitable condition of the uterine cavity is essential for successful reproduction. Inflammation can be a part of the normal physiologic process during implantation however, there are also pathologic sources of inflammation that can adversely affect the uterine cavity and endometrial receptivity.Chronic Endometritis is usually asymptomatic and is defined histologically by the presence of plasma cells in an endometrial biopsy. It is mostly associated with the gonorrheal or chlamydial also non-sexually transmitted infections including E-coli, streptococcus, staphylococcus, enterococcus faecalis, mycoplasma, urea plasma and yeast. However, often a causal organism can not be identified."vailable evidence suggests that chronic subclinical endometritis is relatively common in women with symptomatic lower genital tract infections, including cervicitis and recurrent bacterial vaginosis and may not be altogether rare even in asymptomatic infertile women.Mucopurulent cervicitis is highly associated with chlamydial and mycoplasma infections and both organisms, in turn, are associated with chronic endometritis, which likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of tubal factor infertility.

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Antibiotics prior to embryo transfer in ART

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

What fertility specialists should know about the vaginal microbiome: a review

What fertility specialists should know about the vaginal microbiome: a review

Immunological tolerance, pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: the roles of semen microbes and the father¹

Microbiome, Infection and Inflammation in Infertility

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Antibiotics prior to embryo transfer in ART

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

What fertility specialists should know about the vaginal microbiome: a review

What fertility specialists should know about the vaginal microbiome: a review

Immunological tolerance, pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: the roles of semen microbes and the father1

Microbiome, Infection and Inflammation in Infertility

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Immunological tolerance, pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: the roles of semen microbes and the father¹