Antibiotics in the pathogenesis of diabetes and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Fenneman, Aline C.; Weidner, Melissa; Chen, Lea Ann; Nieuwdorp, Max

doi:10.1038/s41575-022-00685-9

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 266 publications

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“…Po pierwsze, interakcja między obiema strukturami odbywa się za pomocą TLRs (Toll-like receptors). Ich pośrednictwo związane jest z procesami różnicowania komórek układu odpornościowego, równowagą między limfocytami T pomocniczymi a limfocytami T cytotoksycznymi, szczelnością błony śluzowej jelit oraz produkcją śluzu jelitowgo (8,9,17). Dodatkowo bakterie jelitowe mają zdolność do modulowania procesów ekspresji genów gospodarza za pośrednictwem microRNA -są to krótkie sekwencje niekodujące, które wyciszają ekspresję genów.…”

Section: Mikrobiom a Gospodarz -Kruchy Sojuszunclassified

“…Przytoczone efekty można tłumaczyć obniżeniem stężania LPS (lippolisacharyd) we krwi modeli. LPS uwalniany jest do krwi gospodarza przez bakterie jelitowe i zastosowanie terapii antybiotykowej, może poskutkować redukcją populacji bakterii i spadkiem produkcji LPS (8,9). Jest to istotne, ponieważ wraz ze wzrostem poziomu LPS we krwi wzrastają markery stanu zapalnego w ciele, co może być powiązane z występowaniem chorób o podłożu zapalnym (9).…”

Section: śWiadome Modyfikacje Mikrobiomu Jako Cel Terapeutycznyunclassified

“…Bakterie zamieszkujące jelito grube należą do pięciu głównych grup: Firmicutes (głównie Clostridium, Eubacterium, Faecalibacterium), Bacteroidetes (głównie Alistipes, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Prevotella), Actinobacteria (Bifidobacterium), Proteobacteria (głównie Escherichia coli), Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia) i Fusobacteria; przy czym dominują bakterie należące do dwóch pierwszych wymienionych typów (4). Skład mikrobiomu nie jest stały a ulega ciągłym zmianom, dostosowując się do ewoluujących warunków (1,2,(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). W literaturze nadorganizm tworzony przez gospodarza i kolonizujące go organizmy symbiotyczne nazywany jest "holobiontem" aby zwrócić uwagę na zależność każdej ze składowych od siebie nawzajem (11).…”

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“…3. Funkcja metaboliczna -mikroorganizmy zamieszkujące jelito są zdolne do rozkładu węglowodanów złożonych do cukrów prostych i krótkołańcuchowych kwasów tłuszczowych, co zapewnia gospodarzowi dodatkowe źródło energii; szacuje się, że może to być aż 10% wymaganego dziennego zapotrzebowania kalorycznego (7)(8)(9)(10)(12)(13)(14). Dodatkowo flora bakteryjna pełni ważną rolę w syntezie witaminy K oraz niektórych witamin z grupy B, w krążeniu kwasów żółciowych i transformacji mutagennych karcynogenów (2,(4)(5)(6)(7).…”

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Intestinal microbiota and obesity

Patrycja

Natalia

Leila³

et al. 2022

J Educ Health Sport

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Introduction and purpose: The growing number of obese people is one of the greatest problems of modern medicine. It is estimated that every 10th person is obese. Recent studies also suggest that the gut microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. Description of the state of knowledge: Microbiota is named a super organ that has the ability to evolve in response to changing conditions within the host organism. It is named so because it is made up of over 100,000 billion cells that belong to different groups of organisms. Microbiota consists of bacteria, fungi, protists, viruses and archaea. This taxonomically diverse collective plays a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the human body. A well-balanced intestinal flora protects the digestive tract from colonization by pathogenic microorganisms, it is also important in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal walls, is involved in the synthesis of certain vitamins and plays a role in nourishing mucosa cells. Moreover, it is known that the microflora can influence body weight, insulin sensitivity, and metabolism of certain sugars and lipids. Disturbances in the composition of the microbiome (dysbiosis) lead to an increased absorption of short-chain fatty acids, which leads to an increase in endogenous YY peptide synthesis. This protein slows down the intestinal transit and indirectly leads to increased absorption of nutrients. This predisposes to the development of obesity. The use of prebiotics, probiotics and some antibiotics reduces intestinal dysbiosis. For obese patients, it is associated with reduction of insulin resistance and decrease in blood glucose level. Conclusions: In the light of the available studies, it can be concluded that intestinal dysbiosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Unfortunately, the practical application of this knowledge is not yet well documented. Therefore this topic requires further experiments and analysis.

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Section: Mikrobiom a Gospodarz -Kruchy Sojuszunclassified

Section: śWiadome Modyfikacje Mikrobiomu Jako Cel Terapeutycznyunclassified

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Intestinal microbiota and obesity

Patrycja

Natalia

Leila³

et al. 2022

J Educ Health Sport

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“…It further disrupts the metabolic capacity of the organism, thus slowing down the development of the microbial community, impairing the diversity and stability of the intestinal microbiota, increasing the risk of disease, and even causing a decrease in the immunity of the patients, making diarrhea persistent or secondary infection. There is growing evidence that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis is associated with disease progression ( Fenneman et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose of sucrose affects the efficacy of Qiweibaizhu powder on antibiotic-associated diarrhea: Association with intestinal mucosal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, IL-17, and MUC2

Xiao

Deng

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionDue to the poor taste of Qiweibaizhu powder (QWBZP), patients have difficulty taking medicine, which leads to poor compliance and limits clinical use to a certain extent. In the trend of restricting sugar intake, sweeteners have gained massive popularity, among which sucrose is a commonly used sweetener in preparations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different sucrose dose addition with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) by intervened QWBZP on intestinal mucosal microbiota.MethodsThirty specific-pathogen-free (SPF) Kunming (KM) male mice were randomly divided into normal group (N), natural recovery group (M), QWBZP group (Q), low dose sucrose group (LQ), medium dose sucrose group (MQ), and high dose sucrose group (HQ). Subsequently, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and GC-MS techniques were used to analyze the intestinal mucosal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in intestinal contents, respectively, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine mucin 2 (MUC2) and interleukin 17 (IL-17).ResultsCompared with the Q group, the results showed that with the increase of sucrose dose, the intestinal microbial structure of mice was significantly altered, and the intestinal microbial diversity was elevated, with the poor restoration of the intestinal biological barrier, decreased content of SCFAs, high expression of inflammatory factor IL-17 and decreased content of mucosal protective factor MUC2. In conclusion, we found that the addition of sucrose had an effect on the efficacy of the AAD intervented by QWBZP, which was less effective than QWBZP, showing a certain dose-response relationship. In this experiment, it was concluded that the addition of sucrose might also further lead to intestinal inflammation and the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and the production of metabolites SCFAs.DiscussionThe addition of sucrose might also further lead to intestinal inflammation and the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and the production of metabolites SCFAs. However, these findings still need to be verified in a more extensive study. The effect of adding the sweetener sucrose on the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine in treating diseases also still needs more research.

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Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials

Moravejolahkami

Shakibaei

McGrattan

et al. 2023

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Dysbiosis or imbalance of microbes in the gut has been associated with susceptibility and progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The present systematic review and meta‐analysis examined the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on fasting blood glucose (FBG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C‐peptide, and insulin requirements in T1DM patients. A systematic search for trials published up to October 2022 was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and the Central Cochrane Library. Random effect models were used to synthesise quantitative data by STATA14. After the evaluation of 258 identified entries, five randomised controlled trials (n = 356; mean age = 11.7 years old) were included. The pooled effect size showed that FBG decreased following probiotic supplementation (weighted mean difference = −31.24 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval = −45.65, −16.83; p < 0.001), however, there was no significant improvement in serum HbA1c, C‐peptide, and insulin requirements. Probiotic supplementation could be a complementary therapeutic strategy in T1DM. The evidence is limited; therefore, it is crucial to conduct more trials.

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Antibiotics in the pathogenesis of diabetes and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 31 publications

References 266 publications

Intestinal microbiota and obesity

Intestinal microbiota and obesity

Dose of sucrose affects the efficacy of Qiweibaizhu powder on antibiotic-associated diarrhea: Association with intestinal mucosal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, IL-17, and MUC2

Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials

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