Antibiotics for prolonged wet cough in children

Abstract

Evidence suggests antibiotics are efficacious for the treatment of children with chronic wet cough (greater than four weeks) with an NNTB of three. However, antibiotics have adverse effects and this review reported only uncertainty as to the risk of increased adverse effects when they were used in this setting. The inclusion of a more robust study strengthened the previous Cochrane review and its results.

Review shows paediatric protracted bacterial bronchitis needs an accurate diagnosis and strictly targeted extended antibiotics

“…Antibiotic therapy was effective when it was compared to the placebos in all three studies. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 0.15 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.07–0.31 . In the 2012 Australian study, 48% of the children who received amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and 16% of the controls improved, which corresponded to the number needed to treat of 3.2 .…”

“…A Cochrane systematic review on PBB treatment that was published in 2018 covered three randomised placebo‐controlled trials: two were carried out in Sweden in the 1990s and an Australian study was carried out in 2012 . Erythromycin was used in one of the Swedish studies and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid was used in the other two studies .…”

Review shows paediatric protracted bacterial bronchitis needs an accurate diagnosis and strictly targeted extended antibiotics

“…Antibiotic therapy was effective when it was compared to the placebos in all three studies. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 0.15 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.07–0.31 . In the 2012 Australian study, 48% of the children who received amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and 16% of the controls improved, which corresponded to the number needed to treat of 3.2 .…”

“…A Cochrane systematic review on PBB treatment that was published in 2018 covered three randomised placebo‐controlled trials: two were carried out in Sweden in the 1990s and an Australian study was carried out in 2012 . Erythromycin was used in one of the Swedish studies and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid was used in the other two studies .…”

Improving the Efficiency of Electrocatalysis of Cytochrome P450 3A4 by Modifying the Electrode with Membrane Protein Streptolysin O for Studying the Metabolic Transformations of Drugs

“…We have studied the electrochemical system SPE/DDAB/SLO/CYP3A4 in the presence of the substrate erythromycin as a marker substrate of this form of the CYP enzyme [ 1 , 3 , 35 , 51 ]. Erythromycin is an antibiotic from the macrolide group, and it possesses broad pharmacological action against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Streptococcus pyogenes , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis ) [ 52 , 53 ].…”

Lavage lipidomics signatures in children with cystic fibrosis and protracted bacterial bronchitis

“…And thus, the higher fractions of PMN correlates with a higher fraction of cell-membrane lipids derived from these cells. Such processes may only play a transient, but major role in children with PBB, where abnormal neutrophilic airway inflammation may be reversed with antibiotic treatment [ 62 ].…”

Review shows paediatric protracted bacterial bronchitis needs an accurate diagnosis and strictly targeted extended antibiotics

“…Antibiotic therapy was effective when it was compared to the placebos in all three studies. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 0.15 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.07–0.31 . In the 2012 Australian study, 48% of the children who received amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and 16% of the controls improved, which corresponded to the number needed to treat of 3.2 .…”

“…A Cochrane systematic review on PBB treatment that was published in 2018 covered three randomised placebo‐controlled trials: two were carried out in Sweden in the 1990s and an Australian study was carried out in 2012 . Erythromycin was used in one of the Swedish studies and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid was used in the other two studies .…”

Improving the Efficiency of Electrocatalysis of Cytochrome P450 3A4 by Modifying the Electrode with Membrane Protein Streptolysin O for Studying the Metabolic Transformations of Drugs

“…We have studied the electrochemical system SPE/DDAB/SLO/CYP3A4 in the presence of the substrate erythromycin as a marker substrate of this form of the CYP enzyme [ 1 , 3 , 35 , 51 ]. Erythromycin is an antibiotic from the macrolide group, and it possesses broad pharmacological action against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Streptococcus pyogenes , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis ) [ 52 , 53 ].…”

Lavage lipidomics signatures in children with cystic fibrosis and protracted bacterial bronchitis

“…And thus, the higher fractions of PMN correlates with a higher fraction of cell-membrane lipids derived from these cells. Such processes may only play a transient, but major role in children with PBB, where abnormal neutrophilic airway inflammation may be reversed with antibiotic treatment [ 62 ].…”

Review shows paediatric protracted bacterial bronchitis needs an accurate diagnosis and strictly targeted extended antibiotics

“…Antibiotic therapy was effective when it was compared to the placebos in all three studies. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 0.15 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.07–0.31 . In the 2012 Australian study, 48% of the children who received amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and 16% of the controls improved, which corresponded to the number needed to treat of 3.2 .…”

“…A Cochrane systematic review on PBB treatment that was published in 2018 covered three randomised placebo‐controlled trials: two were carried out in Sweden in the 1990s and an Australian study was carried out in 2012 . Erythromycin was used in one of the Swedish studies and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid was used in the other two studies .…”

Improving the Efficiency of Electrocatalysis of Cytochrome P450 3A4 by Modifying the Electrode with Membrane Protein Streptolysin O for Studying the Metabolic Transformations of Drugs

“…We have studied the electrochemical system SPE/DDAB/SLO/CYP3A4 in the presence of the substrate erythromycin as a marker substrate of this form of the CYP enzyme [ 1 , 3 , 35 , 51 ]. Erythromycin is an antibiotic from the macrolide group, and it possesses broad pharmacological action against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Streptococcus pyogenes , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis ) [ 52 , 53 ].…”

Lavage lipidomics signatures in children with cystic fibrosis and protracted bacterial bronchitis

“…And thus, the higher fractions of PMN correlates with a higher fraction of cell-membrane lipids derived from these cells. Such processes may only play a transient, but major role in children with PBB, where abnormal neutrophilic airway inflammation may be reversed with antibiotic treatment [ 62 ].…”