Antibiotics and Disinfectants

Austin, Brian

doi:10.1002/9781119152125.ch10

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Our results suggested that the highest effective antibiotic against V. parahaemolyticus isolates was doxycycline (94.12% isolates sensitive), followed by flumequine (91.18%), florfenicol (73.53%), tetracycline (52.94%), and rifampin (50%). However, some chemotherapeutics are not advised because of their severe negative impacts on human, animal, and environmental health (Austin, 2017; A. Kim et al, 2018). Thus, it is necessary to investigate the wide range of permissible antibiotics as well as to develop alternative smart approaches to eliminate the adverse effects of V. parahaemolyticus AHPND, using host‐associated probiotics or the competitive activity of bacteriophages (e.g., Cao et al, 2021; Dechamma et al, 2022; T. L. Nguyen et al, 2018; Pereira et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐antibiotics resistance phenotype of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei farmed in the Mekong Delta

Thi

Thuy

et al. 2023

J World Aquaculture Soc

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a significant causal agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), with huge production losses of white leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, cultivated globally, including aquaculture farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Controlling this disease is critical because of the worldwide expansion of antimicrobial‐resistant V. parahaemolyticus isolates. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of multi‐antibiotic resistance (MAR) in V. parahaemolyticus isolated from AHPND white leg shrimp extensively cultivated in Bac Lieu Province (Mekong Delta). Based on biochemical tests and toxR‐PCR positive detections, 34 V. parahaemolyticus isolates were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility examination revealed that most of the isolates were phenotypically multidrug resistant, including resistance to ceftazidime (100%) and amoxicillin (97.06%), followed by colistin (74%) and erythromycin (65%). These isolates were highly sensitive to doxycycline (94%), followed by florfenicol (74%) and flumequine (71%). There were 27 distinct MAR phenotypes detected among 34 isolates, with 14.71% of the isolates exhibiting the antibiotic profile AMO‐CEF‐CEP‐COL‐ERY, followed by 11.76% for each of the profiles AMO‐CEP‐TET‐COL and AMO–CEP–COL. In particular, 25 isolates (75%) were resistant to at least 5 (of the 12) antibiotics tested. A hierarchical clustering analysis of antibiotic‐resistant V. parahaemolyticus isolates indicated cross‐transmission across farms and its ability to survive in aquatic environments for extended periods (over 3 months). Our findings support the hypothesis that the variety of MARPs in V. parahaemolyticus is the result of human activities. Environmentally friendly therapy strategies should be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of V. parahaemolyticus infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐antibiotics resistance phenotype of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei farmed in the Mekong Delta

Thi

Thuy

et al. 2023

J World Aquaculture Soc

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“…For appropriate use of the drug, it is necessary to administer the right drug at the right dosage. Although general recommended dosing regimens for many aquaculture drugs do exist (Austin, ; Noga, ; Reimschuessel, Miller, & Gieseker, ; Taiwan Council of Agriculture, ; U.S. FDA, ; Wall & Wildgoose, ), they cannot be assumed universal for every occasion, as they depend on fish species, bacteria characteristics, water quality and environmental temperature, etc. Unlike bacterial challenge studies for dosing regimen selection, the PK‐PD approach affords to utilize established PK data to determine an optimal dosage that is adjustable to confounding factors incurred in aquatic animal therapeutics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modelling for the determination of optimal dosing regimen of florfenicol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at different water temperatures and antimicrobial susceptibility levels

Rairat

Hsieh

Thongpiam

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Optimized dosing regimen is key to the effective use of antibacterials and to minimizing drug‐related side effects. The current study established a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK‐PD) model for the determination of optimal antibacterial dosing regimen in fish taken into consideration the temperature‐dependent PK and the pathogen‐dependent antimicrobial susceptibility, using florfenicol (FF) in Nile tilapia as an example. The calculated optimal dosages significantly varied by temperature and target MIC levels, ranging from 2.23 (MIC 1 µg/ml at 24°C) to 34.88 mg kg−1 day−1 (MIC 4 µg/ml at 32°C). The appropriateness of the calculated dosages was successfully verified by the in vivo studies. After 5 days of oral administration of the calculated optimal dosage at 24°C, the predicted plasma drug values were in line with the mean observed Cmin(ss) while at 28 and 32°C underestimation of the Cmin(ss) in a dose‐dependent manner was observed and likely due to the occurrence of non‐linear PK at high dosages. The averaged serum protein binding of FF was 19.1%. Our results demonstrated the appropriateness and clinical applicability of the developed PK‐PD approach for the determination of optimal dosing regimens at given temperatures and MICs. Saturation metabolism and PK non‐linearity of FF in tilapia warrant further study.

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“…The use of antibiotics in aquaculture is no more primary treatment option. Even though using antibacterial agents in food animal species, including fish, is controlled by regulations, particularly in Europe and the USA, a wide range of medically and veterinary inhibitory compounds are in use in aquaculture [ 28 ]. Administering antimicrobials in aquaculture is different from administering in terrestrial animals.…”

Section: The Use Of Antibiotics In Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance of Fish Health in Aquaculture: Review of Epidemiological Approaches for Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Fish

Assefa¹,

Abunna

2018

Veterinary Medicine International

368

232

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Aquaculture is rapidly growing part of agriculture worldwide. It makes up around 44 percent of total fish production globally. This increased growth of production is achieved despite facing many challenges in the aquaculture environment. Among production limiting challenges, the infectious disease takes the lion share by causing multibillion-dollar loss annually. To reduce the impact of the fish disease, it is necessary to address health constraints based on scientifically proven and recommended ways. This review aims at pointing out some of the best approaches to prevention and control of infectious disease in aquaculture. Among the effective prevention and control strategies, vaccination is one of the key practices. Types of vaccines for use in fish include killed vaccines, attenuated vaccines, DNA vaccines, recombinant technology vaccines, and synthetic peptide vaccines. Administration techniques of vaccines in fish include oral, injection, or immersion methods. Antibiotics are also in use in aquaculture despite their side effects in the development of drug resistance by microorganisms. Biological and chemical disease control strategies such as using probiotics, prebiotics, and medicinal plants are widely in use. Biosecurity measures in aquaculture can keep the safety of a facility from certain disease-causing agents that are absent in particular system. Farm-level biosecurity measures include strict quarantine measures, egg disinfection, traffic control, water treatments, clean feed, and disposal of mortalities. In conclusion, rather than trying to treat every disease case, it advisable to follow a preventive approach before the event of any disease outbreaks.

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Antibiotics and Disinfectants

Cited by 6 publications

References 80 publications

Multi‐antibiotics resistance phenotype of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei farmed in the Mekong Delta

Multi‐antibiotics resistance phenotype of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei farmed in the Mekong Delta

Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modelling for the determination of optimal dosing regimen of florfenicol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at different water temperatures and antimicrobial susceptibility levels

Maintenance of Fish Health in Aquaculture: Review of Epidemiological Approaches for Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Fish

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