Antibiotics administration without prescription in Bangladesh

Kabir, Humayun; Hasan, Md. Kamrul; Akter, Nahida; Tassdik, Hamim; Islam, Md. Fakrul; Jannat, Hasina; Tutul, Ariful Haque; Akter, Ojifa; Ara, Rawshan; Islam, Muhammad; Mahmud, Sakib; Akter, Masuda; Mitra, Dipak Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.02.001

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…However, there are concerns with rising rates of AMR in Bangladesh, enhanced by sub-optimal healthcare standards and high levels of misuse of antibiotics [4][5][6][7][8][9]. This includes appreciable purchasing of 'Watch' antibiotics without a prescription, adding to AMR despite current legislation exacerbated by their ready availability in drug outlets [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance and Co-resistance of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes in Diarrheal and Urinary Tract Pathogens in Bangladesh

Shanta,

Islam,

Asad

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Carbapenem antibiotics are the drug of choice for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) are carbapenemase capable of hydrolyzing nearly all therapeutically available beta-lactam antibiotics. Consequently, a need to assess the frequency and phenotypic resistance phenomena of two MBL genes in diarrheal and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Samples were collected through a cross-sectional study, with MBLs genes detected via PCR. Two hundred twenty eight diarrheal bacteria were isolated from 240 samples. The most predominant pathogens were Escherichia coli (32%) and Klebsiella spp. (7%). Phenotypic resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, netilmicin, and amikacin was 50.4%, 65.6%, 66.8%, 80.5%, 54.4%, 41.6%, 25.7%, 41.2%, 37.2%, and 42.9%, respectively. Total 142 UTI pathogens were obtained from 150 urine samples, with Klebsiella spp. (39%) and Escherichia coli (24%) are the major pathogens. Phenotypic resistance to amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, netilmicin, and amikacin was 93.7%, 75.0%, 91.5%, 93.7%, 88.0%, 72.5%, 13.6%, 44.4%, 71.1%, and 43%, respectively. Twenty four diarrheal isolates carried either blaNDM-1 or blaVIM genes; the overall MBL gene prevalence was 10.5%. Thirty six UTI pathogens carried either blaNDM-1 or blaVIM genes (25.4%). Seven isolates carried both blaNDM-1 and blaVIM genes. MBL genes exhibited a strong association with phenotypic carbapenem and other beta-lactam antibiotic resistance. Resistance to carbapenems requires active surveillance and stewardship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance and Co-resistance of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes in Diarrheal and Urinary Tract Pathogens in Bangladesh

Shanta,

Islam,

Asad

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Resistance and Co-Resistance of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes in Diarrheal and Urinary-Tract Pathogens in Bangladesh

Shanta,

Islam,

Al Asad

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Carbapenems are the antibiotics of choice for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are carbapenemases capable of hydrolyzing nearly all therapeutically available beta-lactam antibiotics. Consequently, this research assessed the distribution of two MBL genes and three β-lactamases and their associated phenotypic resistance in diarrheal and urinary-tract infections (UTIs) to guide future policies. Samples were collected through a cross-sectional study, and β-lactamase genes were detected via PCR. A total of 228 diarrheal bacteria were isolated from 240 samples. The most predominant pathogens were Escherichia coli (32%) and Klebsiella spp. (7%). Phenotypic resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, netilmicin, and amikacin was 50.4%, 65.6%, 66.8%, 80.5%, 54.4%, 41.6%, 25.7%, 41.2%, 37.2%, and 42.9%, respectively. A total of 142 UTI pathogens were identified from 150 urine samples. Klebsiella spp. (39%) and Escherichia coli (24%) were the major pathogens isolated. Phenotypic resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, netilmicin, and amikacin was 93.7%, 75.0%, 91.5%, 93.7%, 88.0%, 72.5%, 13.6%, 44.4%, 71.1%, and 43%, respectively. Twenty-four diarrheal isolates carried blaNDM-1 or blaVIM genes. The overall MBL gene prevalence was 10.5%. Thirty-six UTI pathogens carried either blaNDM-1 or blaVIM genes (25.4%). Seven isolates carried both blaNDM-1 and blaVIM genes. MBL genes were strongly associated with phenotypic carbapenem and other β-lactam antibiotic resistance. blaOXA imparted significantly higher phenotypic resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Active surveillance and stewardship programs are urgently needed to reduce carbapenem resistance in Bangladesh.

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Antibiotics administration without prescription in Bangladesh

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Resistance and Co-resistance of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes in Diarrheal and Urinary Tract Pathogens in Bangladesh

Resistance and Co-resistance of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes in Diarrheal and Urinary Tract Pathogens in Bangladesh

Resistance and Co-Resistance of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes in Diarrheal and Urinary-Tract Pathogens in Bangladesh

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