Abstract:The usage of antibiotics has been, and remains, a topic of utmost importance; on the one hand, for animal breeders, and on the other hand, for food safety. Although many countries have established strict rules for using antibiotics in animal husbandry for the food industry, their misuse and irregularities in compliance with withdrawal periods are still identified. In addition to animal-origin foods that may cause antibiotic residue problems, more and more non-animal-origin foods with this type of non-complianc… Show more
“…Currently, a public health focus is being developed regarding antibiotic resistance due to its use in the treatment of livestock, causing human diseases in developing countries (Robinson et al 2016). Antibiotics are used for the prevention and treatment of various cases of E. coli infections that attack livestock (Ghimpeteanu et al 2022). However, inappropriate and irrational administration of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of E. coli antibiotic resistance (Hinthong et al 2017).…”
Abstract. Widodo A, Lamid M, Effendi MH, Khairullah AR, Riwu KHP, Yustinasari LR, Kurniawan SC, Ansori ANM, Silaen OSM, Dameanti FNAEP. 2022. Antibiotic sensitivity profile of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cow's milk in Probolinggo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4971-4976. The presence of resistant bacteria in animal products such as milk can be a new threat because it is directly related to the human food chain. Resistant Escherichia coli has been widely studied and detected in farms in developing countries. The aim of present study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of E. coli bacteria from dairy cows taken during the milking process from several dairy farms in Probolinggo district, Indonesia. A total of 150 milk samples were obtained from farms and E. coli was isolated and identified on Eosin methylene blue (EMB) media and biochemical test, such as Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) and indole test, methyl red test, Voges-Proskauer test, and citrate test (IMViC) were also performed. The antibiotic sensitivity profile was screened using the Kirby-Bauer test and results were interpreted according to the CLSI standard. The results showed that 124/150 (82.67%) E. coli bacteria exhibited highest percentage of antibiotic resistance to tetracycline (13.71%), streptomycin (9.68%), trimethoprim (8.87%), chloramphenicol (0.87%), and aztreonam (1.61%). A total of 9/124 (7.26%) E. coli isolates were detected as multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 1/9 (0.81%) E. coli isolate was suspected as extended spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) bacteria which was resistant to aztreonam antibiotic. Thus, the threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli can come from milk which can affect public health.
“…Currently, a public health focus is being developed regarding antibiotic resistance due to its use in the treatment of livestock, causing human diseases in developing countries (Robinson et al 2016). Antibiotics are used for the prevention and treatment of various cases of E. coli infections that attack livestock (Ghimpeteanu et al 2022). However, inappropriate and irrational administration of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of E. coli antibiotic resistance (Hinthong et al 2017).…”
Abstract. Widodo A, Lamid M, Effendi MH, Khairullah AR, Riwu KHP, Yustinasari LR, Kurniawan SC, Ansori ANM, Silaen OSM, Dameanti FNAEP. 2022. Antibiotic sensitivity profile of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cow's milk in Probolinggo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4971-4976. The presence of resistant bacteria in animal products such as milk can be a new threat because it is directly related to the human food chain. Resistant Escherichia coli has been widely studied and detected in farms in developing countries. The aim of present study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of E. coli bacteria from dairy cows taken during the milking process from several dairy farms in Probolinggo district, Indonesia. A total of 150 milk samples were obtained from farms and E. coli was isolated and identified on Eosin methylene blue (EMB) media and biochemical test, such as Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) and indole test, methyl red test, Voges-Proskauer test, and citrate test (IMViC) were also performed. The antibiotic sensitivity profile was screened using the Kirby-Bauer test and results were interpreted according to the CLSI standard. The results showed that 124/150 (82.67%) E. coli bacteria exhibited highest percentage of antibiotic resistance to tetracycline (13.71%), streptomycin (9.68%), trimethoprim (8.87%), chloramphenicol (0.87%), and aztreonam (1.61%). A total of 9/124 (7.26%) E. coli isolates were detected as multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 1/9 (0.81%) E. coli isolate was suspected as extended spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) bacteria which was resistant to aztreonam antibiotic. Thus, the threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli can come from milk which can affect public health.
“…Despite being predominantly present in animal products, antibiotic residues can also be presente in agricultural products through irrigation and soil contamination. The most common vegetables that accumulate antibiotics are considered to be cereals, such as wheat, rice, and oat, and coarse grains, such as maize and barley [28]. Food products of animal or plant origin are often contaminated with bacteria, and thus likely to constitute the main route of transmitting resistant bacteria and resistance genes from food animals to people.…”
Section: Potential Routes Of Transmission and Prevalence Of Abr In Th...mentioning
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is concerning issue due to its direct and indirect repercusions on public health, since decreased therapeutic effect of certain antibiotic to treatment complications that can cause death. There are several mechanism as to how ABR can be transferred from one microoorganisms to another, and many of them are dependant many environmental factors. The food supply chain is a environment in which ABR gene transfer can occur is multiple pathways, which generate concerns regarding food safety. Here, we summarize relevant mechanisms which are implied in ABR in food supply chain but also we are addressing routes of transmission and prevalence of ABR, implications on public health, and the application of new alternatives to antibiotics such as antimicrobial peptides, mainly bacteriocins, in order to countermeasure ABR.
“…Consumers due to concerns related to negative health issues are currently less accepting the use of synthetic chemical preservatives. However, the preservation of foods using antibiotics has been banned in many countries due to public health concerns [33].…”
Section: Use Of Antibiotics As Meat Preservativesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the dissemination of health awareness through the media (audio, visual media, and newspapers) highlights the hazards of AMRs. Farmers and the person in charge should be aware of the necessity of adherence to withdrawal times and other good practices related to antibiotics used in foodproducing animals [33].…”
Section: Development Of Public Awarenessmentioning
The presence of antimicrobial residues (AMRs) in meat is considered a serious threat to public health in the twenty-first century. This work aims at addressing the problem of AMRs in meat regarding their sources, negative effects, detection tests, and prevention and control practices. The health risks associated with such residues include direct toxicity, drug allergy, hypersensitive reactions, and the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Moreover, disturbance of gut microbiota and bone marrow disorders are also direct consequences of continuous exposure to small quantities of antimicrobial residues (AMRs). Due to long-term exposure to antibiotic residues during gestation, various congenital anomalies were also seen in newborn children. Carcinogenic impacts and mutagenic effects are other negative impacts of antibiotic residues on the food. Different practices are known to introduce AMRs into meat and meat products, such as misuse of chemotherapeutic medications, violating withdrawal periods, even with the proper administration of anti-infective agents, and usage of antibiotics as growth promoters and feed additives. The prevention of this problem requires multi-sector cooperation to restrict the improper use of antimicrobial drugs, standardize the rationale usage, and development of alternative chemicals or biologics for the purposes of preservation of meat products and as growth promoters for food-producing animals.
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