Antibiotic Susceptibility of
            <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>

Blackman, Helen; Yoneda, Chieko; Dawson, Chandler R.; Schachter, Julius

doi:10.1128/aac.12.6.673

Cited by 40 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Since rifampin has been shown to be very active against C. trachomatis in a number of in vitro cell culture studies (4,5,8,11,12,23,45,57), we decided to test rifampin alone and the combination of rifampin and azithromycin to gain a better inhibition in our cell culture model. Infection of treated cells was monitored by detection of infectious chlamydia, inclusions, and unprocessed 16S rRNA transcripts at days 4, 8, 14, and 20 after infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Azithromycin and Rifampin onChlamydia trachomatisInfection In Vitro

Dreses-Werringloer

Padubrin

Zeidler

et al. 2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Infections caused by the obligate intracellular bacteriumChlamydia trachomatis are among the most prevalent causes of ocular and urogenital diseases worldwide. Clinical manifestations of acute infections related to C. trachomatis serovars A to C or serovars D to K are trachoma or cervicitis and urethritis, respectively. These infections can progress to persistent infections, which may initiate a pathogenic process that leads to chronic diseases including blindness or pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, tubal factor infertility, and chlamydia-induced arthritis, including Reiter's syndrome.Standard therapy for acute urogenital tract infections is a 7-day course of doxycycline or a single dose of azithomycin. Both regimens have been shown to result in satisfactory cure rates in clinical trials (20,21,32,34,40,43,49).Relapsing chlamydial infections are, however, a common problem, even though patients are often treated appropriately (6, 24, 56). Usually, recurrent infections are supposed to be a consequence of reinfection. Most of the clinical trials that have addressed relapsing chlamydial infections did not distinguish between reinfection and relapse and thus did not define the role of persistence. There are, however, recent reports of recurrent infections after appropriate antibiotic treatment which appeared to be a result of the persistence of chlamydia (15,25,38).This observation presents an apparent contradiction to results of determination of the MIC and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), which clearly indicated successful suppression of chlamydial growth by clinically used antibiotics. The experimental setting involved with this kind of in vitro testing is, however, not truly reflective of the situation in vivo for chlamydial infection. In natural infections, chlamydia are usually exposed to antimicrobials long after an infection has been well established. In contrast, the conventional in vitro systems used for susceptibility testing represent a quite different condition, in that antibiotics are added usually 48 h after the infectious agent is added or are sometimes added simultaneously with the infectious agent. Recently, we could demonstrate that ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin not only failed to eradicate chlamydia from host cells but induced a persistent infection, although both antibiotics are efficient in susceptibility testing (16). Using this in vitro model, we investigated the efficacies of azithromycin, rifampin, and the combination of azithromycin and rifampin for the elimination of chlamydia from epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODSCells. Cells of the HEp-2 cells line, a human laryngeal epidermoid cell line, were maintained at 37°C with 5% CO 2 in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (Seromed, Berlin, Germany), 1% L-glutamine, and 100 g of gentamicin (Seromed) per ml.Growth, purification, and titration of chlamydia. C. trachomatis serovar K/UW-31/Cx (obtained from the Washington Research Foundation, Seattle) was cultured in HEp-2 cells, as described recentl...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Azithromycin and Rifampin onChlamydia trachomatisInfection In Vitro

Dreses-Werringloer

Padubrin

Zeidler

et al. 2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…A previous study from this laboratory evaluated the antichlamydial activity of tetracycline, erythromycin, and rifampin against 11 serotypes of C. trachomatis (3). In that study, the minimal inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and erythromycin generally ranged from 0.06 to 0.25 ,ug/ml, and total suppression of inclusion formation occurred at concentrations of 0.5 to 1.0 ,ug/ml.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relative resistance to erythromycin in Chlamydia trachomatis

Mourad¹,

Sweet²,

Sugg³

et al. 1980

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Recent Chlamydia trachomatis isolates were tested in a tissue culture system for susceptibility to tetracycline, erythromycin, rosaramicin, rifampin, and clindamycin. Rifampin was the most active drug (miniimal inhibitory concentration, -0.02 ,g/ml). Tetracycline and rosaramicin were highly active, with a concentration of s0.25 ug/ml being chlamydicidal. Clindamycin was least active on a weight basis, requiring up to 16 ,ug/ml to prevent the passage of chlamydiae into a drugfree tissue culture system. Relative resistance to erythromycin was detected; two isolates were capable of limited replication in 1 ,ug/ml.

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“…In four of the reports, cell cultures were used with 9 to 30 strains of C. trachomatis (1, 5,11,20), whereas in other studies more limited antibiotic susceptibility data with only one laboratory strain of the organism were presented (2, 4, 12, 13). Despite differences in techniques used in the in ANTIMICROB.…”

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confidence: 99%