Antibiotic Susceptibility of Beta-Lactamase-Producing Strains of
 Branhamella
 (
 Neisseria
 )
 catarrhalis

Doern, Gary V.; Siebers, Kathy G.; Hallick, Lesley M.; Morse, Stephen

doi:10.1128/aac.17.1.24

Cited by 58 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Several investigators have reported that clinically significant isolates of B. catarrhalis produce ,B-lactamase (5,(7)(8)(9)16). In our studying, 46 of 53 strains of B. catarrhalis isolated from hospitalized patients with lower respiratory symptoms were found to produce 1-lactamase.…”

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confidence: 67%

“…In our studying, 46 of 53 strains of B. catarrhalis isolated from hospitalized patients with lower respiratory symptoms were found to produce 1-lactamase. The 13-lactamase of B. catarrhalis is not plasmid mediated but rather of chromosomal origin and intracellular (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, in the past few years it has been recognized as the etiologic agent of otitis media in children (9) and has been isolated in pure culture from patients with acute bronchitis and pneumonia (2,7,10,12,16,17), acute laryngitis (15), acute sinusitis (1), septicemia (3), meningitis (3,13), and endocarditis (6,14). P-Lactamase production by B. catarrhalis has occurred in 4 to 100% of isolates (5,(7)(8)(9)16 (11). The preparation and inoculation of the microbroth plates was accomplished with the MIC 2000 system (Dynatech Laboratories, Inc., Alexandria, Va.), using an inoculum of 105 CFU/ml.…”

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In vitro susceptibilities and beta-lactamase production of 53 clinical isolates of Branhamella catarrhalis

Álvarez¹,

Jones²,

Holtsclaw-Berk³

et al. 1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We tested 53 clinical isolates of Branhamella catarrhalis recovered from patients with respiratory symptoms to determine the susceptibility of the isolates to 25 antimicrobial agents, including the newer I8-lactam antibiotics. Of the 53 strains, 46 (86.7%) were P-lactamase producers. All the strains were susceptible to the majority of the new penicillins and cephalosporins.-The combinations of amoxacillin-clavulanic acid and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid were also very active against the P-lactamase-prodiicing strains.Branhamella catarrhalis, formerly known as Neisseria catarrhalis, is generally considered a harmless oropharyngeal commensal bacterium. However, in the past few years it has been recognized as the etiologic agent of otitis media in children (9) and has been isolated in pure culture from patients with acute bronchitis and pneumonia (2,7,10,12,16,17), acute laryngitis (15), acute sinusitis (1), septicemia (3), meningitis (3, 13), and endocarditis (6, 14). P-Lactamase production by B. catarrhalis has occurred in 4 to 100% of isolates (5, 7-9, 16). Despite this fact, very little information is available on the susceptibility of B. catarrhalis to antimicrobial agents, especially the newer 1B-lactam antibiotics.We report here on the antimicrobial susceptibility and the incidence of 1-lactamase in 53 clinical isolates of B. catarrhalis from hospitalized patients with respiratory disease. Organisms. A total of 53 clinical isolates of B. catarrhalis were obtained from hospitalized patients with lower respiratory symptoms admitted to the Veterans Administration Medical Center, Johnson City, Tenn. The isolates were obtained from blood, transtracheal aspirates, and expectorated sputum from patients with pneumonia or acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. The clinical isolates were identified by conventional methods previously described (4): gram-negative diplococci, oxidase production, growth on 5% sheep blood agar incubated at 37°C under humidified 10% C02, lack of pigmentation, failure to produce acid from glucose, maltose, and sucrose, and reduction of nitrate to nitrite. P-Lactamase production. The production of ,B-lactamase was determined in each strain by the use of the chromogenic cephalosporin disk nitrocefin (Cefinase; BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.).Antibiotics. Antibiotics were kindly provided by the manufacturers as reagent-grade powders and included penicillin

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In vitro susceptibilities and beta-lactamase production of 53 clinical isolates of Branhamella catarrhalis

Álvarez¹,

Jones²,

Holtsclaw-Berk³

et al. 1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…subflava biovar perfiava and B. catarrhalis are colistin resistant and also grow on this medium (33,54,55). It should be noted at the same time, however, that some strains of N. gonorrhoeae may not be isolated on selective media if they are vancomycin susceptible (71); chocolate agar or media containing lower concentrations of vancomycin must be used to isolate these strains.…”

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Historical perspectives and identification of Neisseria and related species

Knapp

1988

Clin Microbiol Rev

118

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The pathogenic Neisseria spp., N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis, have been studied extensively and rapid identification procedures have been designed to distinguish these species from the commensal Neisseria and related species that are normal flora of the oro- and nasopharynx. The commensal Neisseria spp. have been largely ignored except for isolated studies. It is important that we know about these species, however, because not only may some be misidentified as pathogenic species if identified with inappropriate procedures, but also they may occasionally be isolated from unusual sites and must be correctly identified to the species level for clinical purposes.

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“…Prior studies have indicated that the Ravasio enzyme variety is the most common in the United States, being present in 90% of P-lactamase-positive B. catarrhalis strains (11). All isolates tested to date have been susceptible to erythromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, and the broad-spectrum cephalosporins by agar dilution techniques (1,2,6,20 Cockeysville, Md.) and by the addition of extracts from acetone-treated cells (11) to a solution of nitrocephin (15).…”

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Disk diffusion susceptibility of Branhamella catarrhalis and relationship of beta-lactam zone size to beta-lactamase production

Luman

Wilson

Wallace³

et al. 1986

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We tested 231 isolates of BranhameUa catarrhalis for P-lactamase production and drug susceptibility by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards disk diffusion method. The nitrocephin disk (Cefinase) identified 13-lactamase in 98% of the enzyme-producing strains, and a zone diameter of inhibition of <29 mm for penicillin correctly predicted the presence of P-lactamase in 99% of the isolates. No resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was observed.Branhamella catarrhalis has received increasing attention as a potential pathogen of the upper and lower respiratory tract (4). Otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, and bronchopneumonia (the latter two primarily in patients with underlying lung disease) appear to be the major clinical diseases (9,17,18,21). In a recent study with Gram stain-directed cultures, B. catarrhalis was recovered from 5% of all acceptable sputum samples from patients with chronic lung disease over a 30-month period, and 11.5% of the samples contained a recognized pathogen; this latter incidence approached 20% in the winter months (16).Of major concern therapeutically has been the recognition that B. catarrhalis produces P-lactamase. The first known report of P-lactamase in this species appeared in 1977 (10).Since that time 3-lactamase production has spread, and many isolates now produce the enzyme (2,14,20 Cockeysville, Md.) and by the addition of extracts from acetone-treated cells (11) to a solution of nitrocephin (15).Disk diffusion susceptibility testing was done at the time of isolation with MHA by the procedure recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) (12). Isolates which failed to grow adequately were retested under 5% CO2 with chocolatized MHA. The majority of isolates were frozen at -70°C and regrown at a later date for the P-lactamase testing of cell extracts and for isoelectric focusing (IEF).Crude extracts from acetone-treated cells containing 1B-lactamase were submitted to IEF on polyacrylamide gels with LKB instruments. The details of this procedure and IEF results for many of the current isolates have been presented elsewhere (11).A total of 231 isolates were identified during the study period. With the Cefinase disk, 171 isolates (74%) were 13-lactamase positive. Of the 231 isolates, 146 were also tested for ,B-lactamase production by using cell extracts. Two isolates which were 1-lactamase negative by the disk test were positive with the acetone-treated cell extracts. Both isolates which gave an initial negative ,B-lactamase result had the 1908-type enzyme.Twenty-six isolates (11%) failed to grow adequately on MHA in room air and had to be restudied in 5% CO2 on chocolatized MHA. The other 89% produced good growth on overnight incubation on MHA. By disk diffusion, no isolates were identified which were resistant to erythromycin, moxalactam, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or sulfisoxazole. There was no diff...

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Antibiotic Susceptibility of Beta-Lactamase-Producing Strains of Branhamella ( Neisseria ) catarrhalis

Abstract: All 11 clinically significant isolates of Branhamella catarrhalis examined in this study were found to produce f8-lactamase. The

Cited by 58 publications

References 11 publications

In vitro susceptibilities and beta-lactamase production of 53 clinical isolates of Branhamella catarrhalis

In vitro susceptibilities and beta-lactamase production of 53 clinical isolates of Branhamella catarrhalis

Historical perspectives and identification of Neisseria and related species

Disk diffusion susceptibility of Branhamella catarrhalis and relationship of beta-lactam zone size to beta-lactamase production

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