Antibiotic Substances from Basidiomycetes

Kavanagh, Frederick; Hervey, Annette; Rôbbins, William J.

doi:10.1073/pnas.38.7.555

Cited by 87 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…tant species, C. passeckerianus, which produces pleuromutilin (17,24), an antibiotic that has a long history of veterinary use and recently has been developed as a human therapeutic (58). Approval of retapamulin, a tricyclic pleuromutilin derivative for the treatment of uncomplicated superficial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (57,58), opens new possibilities for exploitation of basidiomycete species for production of novel antimicrobial agents.…”

Section: Vol 75 2009 Genetic Transformation Of Clitopilus Passeckermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This natural antibiotic is also reported to be produced by Drosophila subatrata, Clitopilus scyphoides (Pleurotus mutilus), and several other species of the genus Clitopilus (17,24). Pleuromutilin is a tricyclic diterpene product, and its activity is primarily against grampositive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus haemolyticus, and Bacillus subtilis (25).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Establishing Molecular Tools for Genetic Manipulation of the Pleuromutilin-Producing FungusClitopilus passeckerianus

Kilaru

Collins

Hartley

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We describe efficient polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation systems for a pharmaceutically important basidiomycete fungus, Clitopilus passeckerianus, which produces pleuromutilin, a diterpene antibiotic. Three dominant selectable marker systems based on hygromycin, phleomycin, and carboxin selection were used to study the feasibility of PEG-mediated transformation of C. passeckerianus. The PEG-mediated transformation of C. passeckerianus protoplasts was successful and generated hygromycinresistant transformants more efficiently than either phleomycin or carboxin resistance. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with plasmid pBGgHg containing hph gene under the control of the Agaricus bisporus gpdII promoter led to hygromycin-resistant colonies and was successful when homogenized mycelium and fruiting body gill tissue were used as starting material. Southern blot analysis of transformants revealed the apparently random integration of the transforming DNA to be predominantly multiple copies for the PEG-mediated system and a single copy for the Agrobacterium-mediated system within the genome. C. passeckerianus actin and tubulin promoters were amplified from genomic DNA and proved successful in driving green fluorescent protein and DsRed expression in C. passeckerianus, but only when constructs contained a 5 intron, demonstrating that the presence of an intron is prerequisite for efficient transgene expression. The feasibility of RNA interference-mediated gene silencing was investigated using gfp as a target gene easily scored in C. passeckerianus. Upon transformation of gfp antisense constructs into a highly fluorescent strain, transformants were recovered that exhibited either reduced or undetectable fluorescence. This was confirmed by Northern blotting showing depletion of the target mRNA levels. This demonstrated that gene silencing is a suitable tool for modulating gene expression in C. passeckerianus. The molecular tools developed in this study should facilitate studies aimed at gene isolation or characterization in this pharmaceutically important species.

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Section: Vol 75 2009 Genetic Transformation Of Clitopilus Passeckermentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing Molecular Tools for Genetic Manipulation of the Pleuromutilin-Producing FungusClitopilus passeckerianus

Kilaru

Collins

Hartley

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…(5), and 3,5-dichloro-p-anisic acid (6). Drosophilin A metabolites: drosophilin A (7) and drosophilin A methyl ether (8). Chlorinated strobilurins: strobilurin B (9) and oudemansin B (10) of the novel metabolites are related in structure to previously described metabolites and others represent new types of metabolites.…”

Section: Chloromethanementioning

confidence: 96%

“…1). They are produced by fungi from eleven genera, including reports of drososphilin A methyl ether (8) production by Marasmius androsaceus and Polyporus porrectus which were overlooked [10,[16][17]. Also the reference to the production of compound 8 by Hypholoma fasciculare has been published [14].…”

Section: Drosophilin a Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The first report of an organohalogen metabolite produced by a mushroom species occurred in 1952 with the detection of drosophilin A (tetrachloro-4-methoxyphenol) in Psathyrella (syn. Drosophila) subatrata [7][8]. Since then, numerous observations have been reported indicating a widespread production of diverse organohalogen compounds by Basidiomycetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on Organohalogen Metabolites Produced by Basidiomycetes

Field

Wijnberg

2003

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Basidiomycetes are an ecologically important group of higher fungi known for their widespread capacity to produce organohalogen metabolites. To date, 100 different organohalogen metabolites (mostly chlorinated) have been identified from strains in 70 genera of Basidiomycetes. This manuscript provides an update of newly discovered chlorinated metabolites described since 1997.Additionally, the biosynthesis, physiological role, environmental fate and significance of Basidiomycete organohalogen metabolites are reviewed. Novel metabolites include chlorinated methoxybenzene azoxyformamide, pterulones (chlorinated 1-benzoxepins), chlorinated anisylpropanoids, tri-and tetrachlorinated phenols. Chlorinated p-anisyl metabolites (CAM) are the most ubiquitous and ecologically significant natural organohalogens produced by higher fungi. Evidence is presented indicating their synthesis from phenylalanine via the phenylpropanoid pathway. They are estimated to be produced at a rate of 300 g ha -1 year -1 in European forests inhabited by the common occurring mushroom, Hypholoma fasciculare. Organohalogen metabolites have several purposeful physiological functions ranging from antibiotic properties, metabolites involved in lignin degradation and synthons for biosynthesis.

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The biochemistry of carbon–halogen compounds

Doonan

1973

PATAI'S Chemistry of Functional Groups

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Antibiotic Substances from Basidiomycetes

Cited by 87 publications

References 2 publications

Establishing Molecular Tools for Genetic Manipulation of the Pleuromutilin-Producing FungusClitopilus passeckerianus

Establishing Molecular Tools for Genetic Manipulation of the Pleuromutilin-Producing FungusClitopilus passeckerianus

An Update on Organohalogen Metabolites Produced by Basidiomycetes

The biochemistry of carbon–halogen compounds

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