Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern and Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a chief source of both community and nosocomial infections. Isolates of Staphylococcal aureus from tertiary hospitals are resistant to frequently used antimicrobials. The intrinsically established methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been related with increased mortality and morbidity in hospital patients. Aim: This analysis was performed to determine the susceptibility of antibiotic pattern of staphylococcal aureus isolates with particular emphasis on methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Place and Duration: In the Department of Medicine and Pathology, Islam Medical and Dental College Sialkot for six-months duration from April 2021 to October 2021. Methods: Clinical samples from the Medicine ward were analysed and all isolates of S. aureus were involved in the study. Identification of isolates was done using a typical laboratory technique. The susceptibility antibiotic pattern of all strains of staphylococcal aureus was assessed using the improved Kirby Bauer method of antibiotic susceptibility. Results: Out of 120 isolates of S. aureus, MRSA were found to be in 29 (26.12%). The multidrug resistance percentage was 6.09% for MSSA and 75.86% for MRSA. All isolates of staphylococcal aureus were penicillin resistant. Though, sensitivity of all strains to vancomycin was noticed. Conclusions: This analysis exhibited an augmented incidence of MRSA in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Consistent investigation of nosocomial infections and susceptibility of antibiotics are essential to reduce the incidence of MRSA in hospitals and its spread in society. This study clearly demonstrates that the 1st line treatment for infection with MRSA is vancomycin. To maintain its worth, the usage of vancomycin must be restricted and only directed when clearly necessary. Keywords: MSSA, MRSA, Vancomycin, Antibiotic susceptibility and Staphylococcus aureus