Antibiotic resistance rates among bacterial isolates from infected patients of intensive care unit over the period (2011-2016) in Bursa, Turkey

Abstract

Background: The aims of this study were to evaluate the microbiological datas for effective infection control and specific antimicrobial stewardship and to report the epidemiology of ICU-acquired infections and the local antimicrobial resistance of pathogen microorganisms.
 Methods: Datas were collected between January 2011-October 2016 retrospectively from the cardiology and cardiovascular surgery patients. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility analyses in clinical isolates of pathogen microorganisms were determined by the automatic device system.
 Results: Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected increasingly resistant to imipenem (IMP) significantly (p=0.048). Acinetobacter baumanii was found increasingly resistant to amikacin (AN), gentamicin (GN), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) and tetracycline (TE) significantly (p=0.045, p=0.030, p=0.006, p=0.027). There was a significantly decrease in the resistant rates of IMP, piperacillin-tazobactam (TPZ), meropenem (MEM) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) for Pseudomonas spp. (p=0.048). In all of the gram-negative microorganisms, significantly increasing resistance rates to cefepime (CEP) was detected (p=0.015). In all of the gram-positive microorganisms, significantly decreasing resistance rates to teicoplanin (TEC) was also detected (p=0.034).
 Conclusion: As a result, the inadequacy of infection control measures such as hand hygiene and patient isolation to prevent transmission between patients has increased the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pnemoniae (CR-KP) ratio, which is frequently found in recent years in our hospital. However, preferring preemptive treatment as a result of cooperation with microbiology laboratory instead of empirical treatment with antibiotics such as carbapenem and vancomycin caused the decrease in the resistance rates of resistant microorganism.