Antibiotic resistance profiles and population structure of disease-associated Staphylococcus aureus infecting patients in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Western Uganda

Ackers-Johnson, Gavin; Kibombo, Daniel; Kusiima, Brenda; Nsubuga, Moses L; Kigozi, Edgar; Kajumbula, Henry; Kateete, David Patrick; Walwema, Richard; Ackers, Helen Louise; Goodhead, Ian; Birtles, Richard; James, Chloë E.

doi:10.1099/mic.0.001000

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

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“…This has been attributed to the presence of several genes; aac(6’)-Ie-aph(2”)-Ia , aph(3’)-IIIa , ant(4’)-Ia , apH3 , and aacA-aphD , conferring resistance to aminoglycosides; tetK/M genes against tetracycline; dfrG/dfrA genes against trimethoprim; ermA , ermC , or msrA genes against clindamycin; and gyrA and grlA genes against fluoroquinolones. 158 , 167 , 168 A majority of MRSA isolates have been shown to innately harbor mecA and blaZ genes, which encode for a range of penicillinases. Moreover, the most prevalent genotypes have been demonstrated to be ST5, ST8, ST15, ST88, ST152, ST241, and ST239.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Kariuki¹,

Kering²,

Wairimu³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Introduction Although antimicrobials have traditionally been used to treat infections and improve health outcomes, resistance to commonly used antimicrobials has posed a major challenge. An estimated 700,000 deaths occur globally every year as a result of infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) also contributes directly to the decline in the global economy. In 2019, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) had the highest mortality rate (23.5 deaths per 100,000) attributable to AMR compared to other regions. Methods We searched PubMed for articles relevant to AMR in pathogens in the WHO-GLASS list and in other infections of local importance in SSA. In this review, we focused on AMR rates and surveillance of AMR for these priority pathogens and some of the most encountered pathogens of public health significance. In addition, we reviewed the implementation of national action plans to mitigate against AMR in countries in SSA. Results and Discussion The SSA region is disproportionately affected by AMR, in part owing to the prevailing high levels of poverty, which result in a high burden of infectious diseases, poor regulation of antimicrobial use, and a lack of alternatives to ineffective antimicrobials. The global action plan as a strategy for prevention and combating AMR has been adopted by most countries, but fewer countries are able to fully implement country-specific action plans, and several challenges exist in many settings. Conclusion A concerted One Health approach will be required to ramp up implementation of action plans in the region. In addition to AMR surveillance, effective implementation of infection prevention and control, water, sanitation, and hygiene, and antimicrobial stewardship programs will be key cost-effective strategies in helping to tackle AMR.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Kariuki¹,

Kering²,

Wairimu³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Patient experiences of sexual dysfunction after transition to dolutegravir-based HIV treatment in mid-Western Uganda: a qualitative study

Zakumumpa

Kiguba

Ndagije³

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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Background The literature on dolutegravir (DTG)-based HIV treatment has focused on assessing therapeutic efficacy particularly with regard to viral load suppression. However, little empirical attention has been devoted to understanding the effects of DTG on quality of life, in particular sexual health and functioning in PLHIV. This study focused on understanding patient experiences of sexual dysfunction, after transition to DTG-based regimens in Rwenzori region in Mid-Western Uganda. Methods We adopted a qualitative exploratory research design. Between August and September 2021, we conducted sixteen in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions (48 participants) with patients reporting ‘new’ sexual dysfunction after transition to DTG-based regimens at seven health facilities in mid-Western Uganda. Data were analyzed by thematic approach. Results Decreased libido was reported in both sexes of patients within weeks of transition to DTG-based regimens. Diminished interest in sex was more frequently reported among women while men complained of a marked reduction in the frequency of sex. Women reported loss of psycho-social attraction to their long-term male partners. Erectile dysfunction was common among men in this sample of patients. Patients described their experiences of sexual dysfunction as an affront to their socially-constructed gender identities. Patients described tolerating sexual adverse drug reactions (ADRs) as a necessary tradeoff for the extension in life granted through antiretroviral therapy. A number of women reported that they had separated from their spouses as a result of perceived drug-induced sexual dysfunction. Marital strife and conflict arising from frustration with sexual-partner dysfunction was frequently reported by participants in both sexes. Several participants indicated experiencing insecurity in their heterosexual relationships due to difficulties in sexual functioning. Conclusion Sexual dysfunction following transition to DTG-based regimens is common in both sexes of PLHIV, who indicated that they had no prior experience of difficulties in sexual health. Our findings demonstrate that sexual ADRs negatively impact self-esteem, overall quality of life and impair gender relations. DTG-related sexual health problems merit increased attention from HIV clinicians. Further research is warranted to assess the prevalence of DTG-associated sexual dysfunction in patients in Uganda.

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Antibiotic resistance profiles and population structure of disease-associated Staphylococcus aureus infecting patients in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Western Uganda

Cited by 2 publications

References 56 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Patient experiences of sexual dysfunction after transition to dolutegravir-based HIV treatment in mid-Western Uganda: a qualitative study

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