Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Different Clinical Specimens and Their Sensibility Against Bioactive Molecules Produced by Actinobacteria

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii frequently targets the most vulnerable hospitalized patients, especially in intensive care units. Bacteremia, nosocomial pneumonia and surgical wound infections caused by A. baumannii have a higher mortality compared to other nosocomial pathogens. The severity of the diseases caused by this microorganism is accentuated by its resistance to many antibiotics currently used in the world. In this context, we undertook to isolate several A. baumannii strains from various samples collected in the Béni Messous University Hospital Center, Algiers (Algeria), to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of these strains and to evaluate the antagonistic potential of some actinobacterial strains against A. baumannii. Nineteen A. baumannii strains were isolated and identified. The predominant number of strains isolated from pulmonary samples (36.84%) and from the intensive care unit (57.89%) was A. baumannii. All A. baumannii strains were sensitive to colistin but exhibited high resistance to 11 other antibiotics tested. Of the 19 strains, 15 were metallo-β-carbapenemase producers, 10 were cephalosporinase, and three were extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producers. Of 59 strains of actinobacteria tested, 19 (32.20%) showed activity against at least one strain of A. baumannii, the highest activity being detected in strains belonging to the genus Saccharothrix (or related genera). However, Streptomyces sp. WAB9 had the widest spectrum of activity. Based on the obtained results, colistin remains the unique antibiotic which inhibits the growth of all A. baumannii strains, and some actinobacterial strains also present an alternative source of new molecules with strong bioactivities against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains.

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“…Elderly persons are more likely to be hospitalized for a longer period, have a reduced immune system, and are more likely to be subjected to several doses of antibiotics than younger patients [2]. In addition to the three kinds mentioned earlier of lung infection, hospital and ventilatorassociated pneumonia are significant sources of morbidity and death [3,4].…”

Regulation of overexpressed efflux pump encoding genes by cinnamon oil and trimethoprim to abolish carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains

“…Earlier Egyptian studies reported the prevalence of imipenem resistance and the rate was high (50-70%), while others were coming up to 100% proved through a wide MICs range (16-1024 mg/L) in 37 CRAB strains, and such agreement between our data and the quoted one may suggest the development of imipenem resistance with years and it needs necessary continuous surveillance [ 34 – 37 ] in healthcare facilities especially intensive care units. Similarly, imipenem resistance recorded high resistance dissemination globally, this problem was recently documented in surveys carried out in Iran (85%), Saudi Arabia (100%) [ 38 ], and Algeria (80.91%) [ 39 ].…”

Associations between β-Lactamase Types of Acinetobacter baumannii and Antimicrobial Resistance

“…Acinetobacter baumannii ( A. baumannii ) is an obligate aerobic, nonfermenting, Gram-negative nonmotile bacterium that was discovered by Dutch microbiologist Martinus Willem Beigerinck in 1911 [ 1 ]. The ability of the microorganism to survive in various environmental conditions and to last longer on wet or dry surfaces has turned it into an endemic, health care–associated pathogen and a common cause of infection outbreaks [ 2 , 3 ]. People who have a weakened immune system, chronic lung disease, or diabetes are at a greater risk of being more susceptible to A. baumannii –caused infections, especially patients with a prolonged hospital stay, those with open wounds, or anyone with urinary or other catheters [ 4 ].…”