Antibiotic resistance of Mycoplasma Synoviae strains isolated in China from 2016 to 2019

Abstract

Background In the past decade, Mycoplasma synoviae (M. synoviae) infection has become widely prevalent in China, has caused serious economic losses and has become one of the most important diseases in the chicken industry. Medication is a general approach for the control of M. synoviae infection, but antibiotics are sometimes ineffective in clinical practice. To investigate the sensitivity of M. synoviae to antimicrobials commonly used in the treatment of M. synoviae infection, the antibiotic susceptibility of 32 M. synoviae strains isolated from China from 2016 to 2019 were determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Results All isolates had low MIC values for the combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin, pleuromutilin, and macrolides. However, the M. synoviae isolates displayed variance in MICs for doxycycline hydrochloride with a range of 0.25 to 8 μg/mL, and oxytetracycline hydrochloride with a range of 0.5 to 8 μg/mL. Three and one M. synoviae isolates showed intermediate MIC values to doxycycline hydrochloride and oxytetracycline hydrochloride, respectively. High MIC values for enrofloxacin were detected in all isolates with MICs ranging from 4 to 32 μg/mL. Furthermore, comparison of the parC QRDR identified a mutation at nucleotide position 254 (C254T) resulting in a Thr 85 Ile amino acid change in all M. synoviae isolates and the reference strain ATCC 25204 being resistant to enrofloxacin. Moreover, mutations at Glu 804 Gly and Thr 686 Ala of gyrA QRDR were identified in all M. synoviae isolates and ATCC 25204. The mutation in the QRDR of the parE gene resulted in amino acid changes at positions 197 (Pro to Ser) in 27/32 M. synoviae isolates. Conclusion Three nonsynonymous mutations in gyrA and parE were first identified to be related to enrofloxacin resistance. Our results showed that M. synoviae resistance to enrofloxacin is widespread.

Identification and antibiotic susceptibility evaluation of Mycoplasma synoviae isolated from chickens in central China

“…Enrofloxacin had high MIC values for all M. synoviae isolates (Catania et al 2019). Zhang found that enrofloxacin generally had high MIC values for some of the M. synoviae isolates (Zhang et al 2022). A comparison of the parC quinolone Using an in vivo model of M. synoviae infection in chickens, we found that all treatment groups achieved good therapeutic effects 14 days after drug withdrawal, and doxycycline had one of the best treatment effects, along with tylvalosin.…”

The immunogenicity identification and adherence characterization analysis of acetate kinase of Mycoplasma synoviae

“…MS infection is very common in aviculture around every region of the world, with exceptionally high rates in China, Egypt, and Ethiopia, giving rise to great economic losses to countries [5][6][7]. In recent years, the clinical and economic relevance of MS seems to be increasing, and its harm may exceed Mycoplasma gallisepticum [8].…”

Essential Oils from Mediterranean Plants Inhibit In Vitro Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells from Umbilical Cords of Females with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

“…Much evidence from in vitro and animal studies proves that EOs have multiple biological activities, such as anticancer [4,5], antiviral [6][7][8][9], antibacterial [10][11][12][13], antifungal [14,15], antibiofilm [16][17][18], anti-inflammatory [19][20][21], and antioxidant [19,[22][23][24][25] effects, which constitute the starting point for the in vivo assessment of those properties in various therapeutic and cosmetic fields [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Nevertheless, since great consideration has been given to the effective use of EOs in clinical procedures, further systematic animal studies and clinical investigations are needed.…”