Antibiotic resistance in pathogens causing acute otitis media in Finnish children

Sillanpää, Saara; Sipilä, Markku; Hyöty, Heikki; Rautiainen, Markus; Laranne, Jussi

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.03.037

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Isolate ratio for gram positive to gram-negative bacteria in the present study was 1.27:1, which is agreement with studies from Yemen, Poland and Ethiopia, [ 26 – 28 ] and in contrast to previous studies that have been conducted in Ethiopia [ 7 , 17 ] and Nigeria [ 20 , 23 , 29 ] indicating more gram-negative isolates. In the present study, 90 (93.75%) of samples were with single bacterial isolate which is similar to the other studies conducted in Finland, Ethiopia, and Nigeria [ 19 , 27 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Demographic factors like gender have no significant association with otitis media which agrees to some studies [ 31 , 37 ], and argues to some other studies [ 18 , 25 ], but some studies [ 38 ] reported that females were more affected by ear infections. This variation could be due to the cultural differences in different communities, or bias from the smaller sample size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The probable explanation for this variation in dominant isolates could be the climatic and geographical difference. Unlike other study which indicates H. influenzae prevalence to be 3.9% [ 34 ], 40% [ 31 ], 16.03% [ 28 ], 11.1% [ 35 ] and 9.7% [ 36 ] there was no H. influenzae isolate in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

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Isolation and antimicrobial drug susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens from pediatric patients with otitis media in selected health institutions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective cross-sectional study

Tesfa

Demsiss

Workie

2018

BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord

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BackgroundOtitis media is inflammation of the middle ear and tympanic membrane, which often occurs after an acute upper respiratory tract infection. It is the most common episode of infection in children and the second most important cause of hearing loss affecting 1.23 billion people, thus ranked fifth global burden of disease with a higher incidence in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the isolation rate of bacterial pathogens from pediatric patients with otitis media.MethodologyInstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2013–June 2014 in Addis Ababa among 210 pediatrics patients. Demographic, clinical and associated factors data was obtained in face to face interview with guardians/parents by 5 trained nurse data collectors using structured questionnaire. Middle ear drainage swab was collected following all aseptic procedures and transported to the microbiology laboratory. Culture and Antimicrobial sensitivity test were performed according to the standards. The data quality was assured by questionnaire translation, retranslation and pretesting. Reference strains were used as a positive and negative control for biochemical tests, and culture results were cross checked. Data was checked for completeness, consistency and then entered into Epi Info v3.5.1 and analyzed by SPSS v20. Data interpretation was made using graphs, tables, and result statements.ResultA total of 196 middle ear drainage swab samples were analyzed from pediatric patients and of those 95 (48.5%) samples were positive for pathogenic organisms. The major isolate was S. aureus (15.8%) followed by P. aeruginosa (10.9%), Viridians streptococcus (9.9%), S. pneumoniae (8.9%) and S. pyogenes (7.9%). Upper respiratory tract infection history and living in the rural area have shown significant association with the isolation of pathogenic organism, (p-value = 0.035) and (p-value = 0.003) respectively. Most of the isolates show a high level of resistance to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Penicillin G, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, and Chloramphenicol.ConclusionS. aureus and P. aeruginosa are the most common pathogens that contribute to otitis media as well most of the isolates show a high level of resistance to commonly used drugs to treat otitis media. Therefore, culture and susceptibility testes have paramount importance for the better management of otitis media and drug-resistant infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Isolation and antimicrobial drug susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens from pediatric patients with otitis media in selected health institutions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective cross-sectional study

Tesfa

Demsiss

Workie

2018

BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord

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“…In addition to being the most common reason for doctor's office visits among children, AOM is also currently the most common reason for antibiotic use in the pediatric population. Recent studies have shown antibiotic resistance and decreased sensitivity developing among the major otopathogens (Pichichero, 2000a;Zielnik-Jurkiewicz and Bielicka, 2015;Sillanpaa et al, 2016;Korona-Glowniak et al, 2018). Further, the polymicrobial biofilms associated with AOM are incredibly resistant and difficult to treat using classic antibiotic protocols (Pichichero, 2000b;Leibovitz et al, 2003;Libson et al, 2005;Asher et al, 2008;Leibovitz, 2008;Korona-Glowniak et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moraxella catarrhalis Promotes Stable Polymicrobial Biofilms With the Major Otopathogens

Bair

Campagnari

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Otitis media (OM) is a prevalent pediatric infection characterized by painful inflammation of the middle ear. The Gram-negative diplococcus Moraxella catarrhalis is a commensal of the nasopharynx and one of three leading causative agents of OM. The most recent work on this multifaceted disease indicates that biofilms and polymicrobial infections play a pivotal role in recurrent and chronic OM, which are difficult to eradicate using standard antibiotic protocols. Although there have been significant advances in OM research, the actual bacterial and viral interactions leading to pathogenesis remain largely uncharacterized. However, colonization and persistence in the nasopharynx is clearly an essential first step. In this study, we assessed the role M. catarrhalis plays in the co-colonization and persistence of the other major otopathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). We characterized both monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms using an in vitro nasopharyngeal colonization model. Biofilm assays were designed to mimic the nasopharynx and bacterial persistence was quantified over time. NTHi showed a steady and significant decline in viability over 20-48 h when this organism was in a dual species biofilm with S. pneumoniae. However, when M. catarrhalis was present in the polymicrobial biofilm NTHi survived for 48 h at 10 7 CFU per mL. In addition, an isogenic M. catarrhalis catalase-deficient mutant was also fully capable of protecting NTHi from the bactericidal activity of S. pneumoniae in a polymicrobial biofilm. Our results show that M. catarrhalis promotes a favorable environment for stable polymicrobial biofilms by enhancing the survival of NTHi in the presence of S. pneumoniae. These data suggest that colonization with M. catarrhalis promotes stable co-colonization with other otopathogens.

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“…Despite the success of these vaccines, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae still account for approximately 95% of OM cases ( Broides et al, 2009 ). Further, antibiotic resistance and decreased sensitivity to current treatment strategies is being reported among these otopathogens ( Pichichero, 2000 ; Zielnik-Jurkiewicz and Bielicka, 2015 ; Sillanpaa et al, 2016 ; Korona-Glowniak et al, 2018 ). This is the result of polymicrobial biofilms associated with infection ( Hall-Stoodley et al, 2006 ; Holder et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Photodynamic Therapy of Polymicrobial Biofilms Commonly Associated With Otitis Media

2020

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Otitis media (OM) is a prevalent pediatric infection characterized by painful inflammation of the middle ear. There are more than 700 million cases of OM diagnosed globally each year, with 50% of affected children under 5 years of age. Further, OM is the most common reason for children to receive antibiotic treatment in developed countries. The most recent work on this dynamic disease indicates that biofilms and polymicrobial infections play a role in recurrent OM and chronic OM, which are difficult to eradicate using standard antibiotic protocols. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising new strategy for the treatment of resistant bacteria and persistent biofilms which lead to chronic infections. While PDT continues to be successfully used for oncological, dermatological, and dental applications, our work focuses on the efficacy of aPDT as it relates to otopathogens responsible for OM. Previous studies from our laboratory and others have shown that non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis , the three most common otopathogens, are susceptible to different forms of aPDT. However, many cases of OM involve multiple bacteria and to date no one has investigated the efficacy of this technology on these complex polymicrobial biofilms. We treated polymicrobial biofilms of the three most common otopathogens with the photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and a continuous wave 405 ± 10 nm light emitted diode. Our data show significant bactericidal activity on polymicrobial biofilms associated with OM. These studies indicate that aPDT warrants further analysis as a possible treatment for OM and our results provide the foundation for future studies designed to identify the optimal aPDT parameters for polymicrobial biofilm-associated infections of the middle ear.

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Antibiotic resistance in pathogens causing acute otitis media in Finnish children

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Isolation and antimicrobial drug susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens from pediatric patients with otitis media in selected health institutions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective cross-sectional study

Isolation and antimicrobial drug susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens from pediatric patients with otitis media in selected health institutions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective cross-sectional study

Moraxella catarrhalis Promotes Stable Polymicrobial Biofilms With the Major Otopathogens

In vitro Photodynamic Therapy of Polymicrobial Biofilms Commonly Associated With Otitis Media

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