Antibiotic Resistance and Epigenetics: More to It than Meets the Eye

Ghosh, Dipannita; Veeraraghavan, Balaji; Elangovan, Ravikrishnan; Vivekanandan, Perumal

doi:10.1128/aac.02225-19

Cited by 117 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 126 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There may have also been a contribution made by non-genetic adaptation, which is difficult to explain by the phenotype-genotype mapping presented in this study. Meanwhile, epigenetic changes e.g., methylation of bacterial DNA, can influence gene expression and/or mutation rates resulting in resistance acquisition 53 . Future studies will likely identify the effect of multiple mutations and non-genetic adaptations on stress resistance, which will enable a better understanding of phenotypic and genotypic constraints on resistance evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput laboratory evolution reveals evolutionary constraints in Escherichia coli

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the constraints that shape the evolution of antibiotic resistance is critical for predicting and controlling drug resistance. Despite its importance, however, a systematic investigation of evolutionary constraints is lacking. Here, we perform a high-throughput laboratory evolution of Escherichia coli under the addition of 95 antibacterial chemicals and quantified the transcriptome, resistance, and genomic profiles for the evolved strains. Utilizing machine learning techniques, we analyze the phenotype–genotype data and identified low dimensional phenotypic states among the evolved strains. Further analysis reveals the underlying biological processes responsible for these distinct states, leading to the identification of trade-off relationships associated with drug resistance. We also report a decelerated evolution of β-lactam resistance, a phenomenon experienced by certain strains under various stresses resulting in higher acquired resistance to β-lactams compared to strains directly selected by β-lactams. These findings bridge the genotypic, gene expression, and drug resistance gap, while contributing to a better understanding of evolutionary constraints for antibiotic resistance.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput laboratory evolution reveals evolutionary constraints in Escherichia coli

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the worldwide dissemination of high-risk clones which are characterized as multidrugresistant or extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) strains [29] associated with severe hospital-acquired infections with very limited therapeutic options [30] more attention has been given to this human pathogen. Considering the fact that antimicrobial resistance is currently considered one of the most relevant health care challenges of this century [31], the identification of these particular strains, namely MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in health care facilities is imperative not only to secure exposed individuals health but also to avoid the spread of resistant strains to the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination in Health Care Centers: Differences between Urban and Rural Settings

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aims to assess the airborne bioburden of rural and urban Portuguese Primary Health Care Centers (PHCC) using active and passive sampling methods and identify the potential differences in airborne microbiota between both environments. The highest total aerobic mesophilic bacterial load in indoor air were found in the Vaccination Room (448 CFU.m−3) in the Rural PHCC and in the Waiting Room (420 CFU.m−3) for Urban PHCC. The total coliforms contamination level in indoor air was detected only in the Cleaning Supplies Room (4 CFU.m−3) in the Urban PHCC. The most frequent bacteria genera identified was Micrococcus (21% Rural PHCC; 31% Urban PHCC). The surface samples showed a highest total aerobic mesophilic bacterial contamination in the Treatment Room (86 × 103 CFU.m−2) from the Rural PHCC and in the Front Office (200 × 103 CFU.m−2) from the Urban PHCC. The electrostatic dust cloth (EDC) samples showed a highest bacterial load in the Urban PHCC. Total aerobic mesophilic bacterial load in settled dust and in the Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) filter samples in the Urban PHCC (8 CFU.g−1 and 6 × 103 CFU.m−2) presented higher values compared with the Rural PHCC (1 CFU.g−1 and 2.5 × 103 CFU.m−2). Urban PHCC presented higher bacterial airborne contamination compared with the Rural PHCC for the majority of sampling sites, and when compared with the indoor air quality (IAQ) Portuguese legislation it was the Rural PHCC in two sampling places who did not comply with the established criteria.

show abstract

“…Therefore, antibiotics are often misused and overused in the treatment of ocular surface infections [ 15 ]. Inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to an increase in cases of antibiotic resistance, which is becoming one of the major health-care challenges of this century [ 16 ]. This may promote a qualitative-quantitative selection of resistant microbial strains that can only worsen the clinical condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Concentration (0.66%) Povidone Iodine Treatment of a Corneal Ulcer in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient

Bordin¹

2021

Am J Case Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patient: Female, 89-year-old Final Diagnosis: Corneal ulcer Symptoms: Low vision Medication:— Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Ophthalmology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Peripheral ulcerative keratitis is one of the ocular complications associated with chronic inflammatory immune-mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, in which inflammatory reactions and infections can be recurrent. Suspected infections are treated with topical antibiotics that, in some cases, may promote selection of resistant microbes. Povidone iodine is known for its rapid broad-spectrum activity against all kinds of microbes and biofilms, lack of microbial resistance, ability to counteract excessive inflammation, and efficacy in wound healing, along with an optimum safety and tolerability profile. The purpose of this case report is to show the resolution of a peripheral ulcerative keratitis case by means of treatment with 0.66% povidone iodine. Case Report: An 89-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis, 1 eye, and a superior descemetic corneal ulcer was treated with amniotic membrane, topical antibiotics, and antiviral drugs without any control of clinical signs and symptoms. Therefore, all anti-infective treatments were replaced with 0.66% povidone iodine (3 times/day) given alone for 5 weeks and then associated with serum eyedrops. When a clear regression of the ulcer was observed, the patient was maintained with serum eyedrops only. Conclusions: Unusual treatment with povidone iodine 0.66% (used for the first time in an autoimmune patient), alone and in association with serum eyedrops, probably contributed to alleviate the signs and symptoms of a case of peripheral ulcerative keratitis not responding to conventional treatments. Although its regular use warrants further investigation, povidone iodine seems a useful therapeutic tool for the treatment of corneal ulcers associated with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

show abstract

Antibiotic Resistance and Epigenetics: More to It than Meets the Eye

Cited by 117 publications

References 126 publications

High-throughput laboratory evolution reveals evolutionary constraints in Escherichia coli

High-throughput laboratory evolution reveals evolutionary constraints in Escherichia coli

Bacterial Contamination in Health Care Centers: Differences between Urban and Rural Settings

Low-Concentration (0.66%) Povidone Iodine Treatment of a Corneal Ulcer in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About