Antibiotic resistance and conjugative R plasmids in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Peninsular Malaysia

Koh, Chong Lek

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(86)90221-x

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Plasmid profiles and associated resistance patterns are given in Thirty-two children (39%) had isolates resistant to all 6 antimicrobials, and 66 children (80%) had isolates resistant to at least 4 of the antimicrobials. These findings are in agreement with those of other workers in developing countries Koh, 1986), and with our earlier preliminary studies in the Sudan Shears, Suliman & Hart, 1987). The prevalence of trimethoprim resistance was considerably greater than that seen in a comparable age-group of children in UK (McDowell et al 1987) where trimethoprim-resistant isolates were found in only 14% of children.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

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Occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance and R plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from children in the Sudan

Shears

Suliman

1988

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYThe prevalence of resistance to six commonly-used antimicrobial agents in faecal coliforms from children in Khartoum, Sudan was studied. A relatively high prevalence of resistance was found, ranging from 96 % of children with isolates resistant to ampicillin to 70 % of children with isolates resistant to chloramphenicol. Seventy-seven percent of children had isolates with high-level resistance to trimethoprim (MIC > 1000 ,ug/ml). Twenty-nine different resistance patterns were found. Thirty-nine percent of the children had isolates resistant to all six antibiotics studied, and 80% of children had isolates resistant to at least four. Transfer of resistance to each of the antimicrobials, in varying combinations, was demonstrated, but did not occur for all resistance patterns. Plasmid analysis showed plasmids ranging from 160 MDa to 2X8 MDa and isolates contained from one to five plasmids of different sizes. There were no consistent relationships between resistance pattern and plasmid profile, but multiple resistance transfer was mediated commonly by plasmids with a molecular weight of 62 MDa.The high prevalence of potentially transferable antibiotic resistance in gut commensals of children in the Sudan may be of importance in the management of enteric and other infections requiring antimicrobial treatment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Considerable attention has been paid to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics (Murray et al 1985;Koh, 1986;Burke & Levy, 1985). This is particularly the case in the management of diarrhoeal diseases despite W.H.O.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance and R plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from children in the Sudan

Shears

Suliman

1988

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…APEC strains are important and prevalent bacterial pathogens of poultry (3) and are frequently found to be resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents (21,37), including ampicillin, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, quaternary ammonium compounds, and heavy metals (37). Genes encoding such resistance are often found on large, transmissible R plasmids (20). Not surprisingly, multidrug-resistant APEC strains often carry conjugative plasmids (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

DNA Sequence and Comparative Genomics of pAPEC-O2-R, an Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Transmissible R Plasmid

Johnson

Siek

Johnson

et al. 2005

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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In this study, a 101-kb IncF plasmid from an avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain (APEC O2) was sequenced and analyzed, providing the first completed APEC plasmid sequence. This plasmid, pAPEC-O2-R, has functional transfer and antimicrobial resistance-encoding regions. The resistance-encoding region encodes resistance to eight groups of antimicrobial agents, including silver and other heavy metals, quaternary ammonium compounds, tetracycline, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, and beta-lactam antimicrobial agents. This region of the plasmid is unique among previously described IncF plasmids in that it possesses a class 1 integron that harbors three gene cassettes and a heavy metal resistance operon. This region spans 33 kb and is flanked by the RepFII plasmid replicon and an assortment of plasmid maintenance genes. pAPEC-O2-R also contains a 32-kb transfer region that is nearly identical to that found in the E. coli F plasmid, rendering it transferable by conjugation to plasmid-less strains of bacteria, including an APEC strain, a fecal E. coli strain from an apparently healthy bird, a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain, and a uropathogenic E. coli strain from humans. Differences in the G؉C contents of individual open reading frames suggest that various regions of pAPEC-O2-R had dissimilar origins. The presence of pAPEC-O2-R-like plasmids that encode resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents and that are readily transmissible from APEC to other bacteria suggests the possibility that such plasmids may serve as a reservoir of resistance genes for other bacteria of animal and human health significance.Antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens of food animals can complicate veterinary therapy. Resistant animal pathogens may also be a threat to human health if these resistant bacteria enter the food supply or otherwise serve as reservoirs of resistance genes for human pathogens. Transmissible R plasmids that encode multidrug resistance would seem a likely means by which animal pathogens could acquire resistance genes or transmit them to human pathogens. This study examines an R plasmid encoding multidrug resistance in an avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolate. APEC strains are important and prevalent bacterial pathogens of poultry (3) and are frequently found to be resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents (21, 37), including ampicillin, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, quaternary ammonium compounds, and heavy metals (37). Genes encoding such resistance are often found on large, transmissible R plasmids (20). Not surprisingly, multidrug-resistant APEC strains often carry conjugative plasmids (8). Interestingly, plasmids have been shown to be transferable from poultry to human isolates (23), suggesting that APEC strains and their plasmids might serve as reservoirs of resistance genes for bacteria that affect public health. In the present study, the first complete sequence of a transmissible APEC R plasmid is presented and analyzed. Additionally, an...

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“…Plasmids were then resolved by electrophoresis in horizontal submerged 0.5% agarose slab gels in Tris-borate buffer (90 mm Tris, 90 mm boric acid, 2.5 mm EDTA, pH 8.3), and photographed as described previously (11). Plasmid molecular mass was determined by coelectrophoresis with plasmids of known size from the reference gonococcal strains.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasmid Profiles of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Peninsular Malaysia

Kalaimathee

Koh

Ngeow

1985

Microbiology and Immunology

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The plasmid profiles of 160 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Peninsular Malaysia, comprising 80 penicillinase-producing (PPNG) and 80 nonpenicillinase-producing (non-PPNG) isolates, were determined. The 80 PPNG isolates were divided into two plasmid groups. All of them harbored two common plasmid species, a 4.4 megadalton (Md) R plasmid previously associated with p-lactamase production in PPNG strains from the Far East and a 2.6 Md multicopy plasmid of unknown function. In addition to these two plasmids, 60 (75%) PPNG isolates also carried a large 24.5 Md conjugative plasmid.In contrast, the 80 non-PPNG strains were divided into three plasmid groups. All of them possessed the 2.6 Md cryptic plasmid, and 35 (44%) isolates also harbored the 24.5 Md transfer plasmid. Besides these two plasmids, one non-PPNG isolate carried an additional 7.8 Md cryptic plasmid.

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Antibiotic resistance and conjugative R plasmids in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Peninsular Malaysia

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance and R plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from children in the Sudan

Occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance and R plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from children in the Sudan

DNA Sequence and Comparative Genomics of pAPEC-O2-R, an Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Transmissible R Plasmid

Plasmid Profiles of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Peninsular Malaysia

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