Antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cahill, Thomas J.; Harrison, James; Jewell, Paul; Onakpoya, Igho; Chambers, John; Dayer, Mark; Lockhart, Peter B.; Roberts, Nia; Shanson, D.C.; Thornhill, Martin H.; Heneghan, Carl; Prendergast, Bernard

doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2015-309102

Cited by 139 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Meta-analysis of three case-control studies [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] showed no statistically significant association between cases and failure to use antibiotic prophylaxis (odds ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.27 to 1.30, P=0.14). 20 However, these studies were underpowered to address this question and were at high risk of intrinsic bias, so the overall level of evidence is weak. 20 Many of the patients within these studies were not high risk and would not be eligible for antibiotic prophylaxis according to current guidelines.…”

Section: If Invasive Dental Procedures Cause Infective Endocarditis Imentioning

confidence: 92%

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Do patients at risk of infective endocarditis need antibiotics before dental procedures?

Cahill

Dayer

Prendergast

2017

BMJ

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Section: If Invasive Dental Procedures Cause Infective Endocarditis Imentioning

confidence: 92%

“…20 It is not clear, however, whether For personal use only: See rights and reprints http://www.bmj.com/permissions Subscribe: http://www.bmj.com/subscribe reduction in the incidence of bacteraemia translates into reduction in the incidence of infective endocarditis.…”

Section: If Invasive Dental Procedures Cause Infective Endocarditis Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Do patients at risk of infective endocarditis need antibiotics before dental procedures?

Cahill

Dayer

Prendergast

2017

BMJ

Self Cite

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“…It is, consequently, reasonable to think that prescribing antibiotics before dental cares decreases the incidence of such bacteraemia. Globally, the discordant results between the different kinds of studies analysed in the paper by Cahill et al 1 are clearly insufficient to conclude that antibiotic prophylaxis prevents bacteraemia due to streptococci. In our view, this observation can be explained by the fact that dental care is not the only cause of streptococcal bacteraemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We read with interest the work presented by Cahill et al 1 in which the authors evaluate the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent bactaeremia and infective endocarditis in patients undergoing dental procedures. The analysis was performed based on 36 studies, including 21 bacteraemia studies, five case controls and cohort studies and 10 time trend studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does antibiotic prophylaxis really prevent streptococci infective endocarditis?

Raoult

Abat

2018

Heart

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Trends and Patterns of Geographic Variation in Cardiovascular Mortality Among US Counties, 1980-2014

Roth

Dwyer-Lindgren

Bertozzi‐Villa

et al. 2017

JAMA

202

165

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IMPORTANCE In the United States, regional variation in cardiovascular mortality is well-known but county-level estimates for all major cardiovascular conditions have not been produced. OBJECTIVE To estimate age-standardized mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases by county. DESIGN AND SETTING Deidentified death records from the National Center for Health Statistics and population counts from the US Census Bureau, the National Center for Health Statistics, and the Human Mortality Database from 1980 through 2014 were used. Validated small area estimation models were used to estimate county-level mortality rates from all cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, hypertensive heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation and flutter, rheumatic heart disease, aortic aneurysm, peripheral arterial disease, endocarditis, and all other cardiovascular diseases combined. EXPOSURES The 3110 counties of residence. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age-standardized cardiovascular disease mortality rates by county, year, sex, and cause. RESULTS From 1980 to 2014, cardiovascular diseases were the leading cause of death in the United States, although the mortality rate declined from 507.4 deaths per 100 000 persons in 1980 to 252.7 deaths per 100 000 persons in 2014, a relative decline of 50.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 49.5%–50.8%). In 2014, cardiovascular diseases accounted for more than 846 000 deaths (95% UI, 827–865 thousand deaths) and 11.7 million years of life lost (95% UI, 11.6–11.9 million years of life lost). The gap in age-standardized cardiovascular disease mortality rates between counties at the 10th and 90th percentile declined 14.6% from 172.1 deaths per 100 000 persons in 1980 to 147.0 deaths per 100 000 persons in 2014 (posterior probability of decline >99.9%). In 2014, the ratio between counties at the 90th and 10th percentile was 2.0 for ischemic heart disease (119.1 vs 235.7 deaths per 100 000 persons) and 1.7 for cerebrovascular disease (40.3 vs 68.1 deaths per 100 000 persons). For other cardiovascular disease causes, the ratio ranged from 1.4 (aortic aneurysm: 3.5 vs 5.1 deaths per 100 000 persons) to 4.2 (hypertensive heart disease: 4.3 vs 17.9 deaths per 100 000 persons). The largest concentration of counties with high cardiovascular disease mortality extended from southeastern Oklahoma along the Mississippi River Valley to eastern Kentucky. Several cardiovascular disease conditions were clustered substantially outside the South, including atrial fibrillation (Northwest), aortic aneurysm (Midwest), and endocarditis (Mountain West and Alaska). The lowest cardiovascular mortality rates were found in the counties surrounding San Francisco, California, central Colorado, northern Nebraska, central Minnesota, northeastern Virginia, and southern Florida. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Substantial differences exist between county ischemic heart disease and stroke mortality rates. Smaller differences exist for disease...

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Antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 139 publications

References 35 publications

Do patients at risk of infective endocarditis need antibiotics before dental procedures?

Do patients at risk of infective endocarditis need antibiotics before dental procedures?

Does antibiotic prophylaxis really prevent streptococci infective endocarditis?

Trends and Patterns of Geographic Variation in Cardiovascular Mortality Among US Counties, 1980-2014

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