Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Treatment of Surgical Abdominal Sepsis

Colizza, S.; Rossi, Stefano

doi:10.1179/joc.2001.13.supplement-2.193

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Clindamycin, an antibiotic from the lincosamide group, exclusively binds on the 50-S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and interrupts the reaction of amino-acyl-t-RNA with the ribosomal peptidyltransferase with subsequent impairment of bacterial protein synthesis. Although not the firstchoice antibiotic, clindamycin is still part of many antibiotic regimens used in patients with, e.g., abdominal sepsis based on polymicrobic infections [10]. Clindamycin penetrates and rapidly accumulates in neutrophils with more than 70% of the total drug entry occurring within the first minute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of clindamycin on neutrophils of healthy donors and septic patients

Wittmann

Arlt

Rothe

et al. 2004

International Immunopharmacology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of clindamycin on neutrophils of healthy donors and septic patients

Wittmann

Arlt

Rothe

et al. 2004

International Immunopharmacology

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“…The temperature changes are variable and can be subnormal. 6 If resolution and localization not occurred abdomen remains silent and increasingly by distended circulatory failure ensures dry tongue, thread (irregular) pulse, a draw and anxious face. The patient finally laps into unconscious with early and adequate treatment this is rarely seen.…”

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confidence: 99%

A study of acute peritonitis: evaluation of its mortality and morbidity

Prasad¹,

Reddy²

2016

Int Surg J

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INTRODUCTIONAcute peritonitis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in emergency surgery. The contributory causes are delay in seeking the surgical advice, infection, toxemia, old age, associated illnesses and post-operative complications. 1Despite of the progress in antimicrobial agents, intensive care treatment, the present mortality due to diffuse suppurative peritonitis from 10-20 % continue to be unacceptably high. The outcome of an abdominal infection depends on complex interaction of many different factors and the success obtained with the early onset of specific therapeutics. 3 ABSTRACTBackground: Acute peritonitis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in emergency surgery. The contributory causes are delay in seeking the surgical advice, infection, toxemia, old age, associated illnesses and postoperative complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mortality and morbidity in cases of acute peritonitis and to evaluate the factors affecting the outcome of peritonitis. Methods: This is a prospective, non-randomized study of 120 cases which were treated as surgical emergencies for acute peritonitis during July 2009 to July 2011 at S. V. S. Hospital, Mahabubnagar. Thorough clinical examination was done. Clinical symptoms and signs namely pain abdomen, distension, vomiting, tenderness, guarding, rigidity, absent bowel sounds; obliteration of liver dullness formed the criteria for suspicion of peritonitis. Plain x-ray abdomen and ultra sound abdomen were done to confirm the diagnosis. Results: A total of 120 patients were studied out of which 28 died giving a mortality rate of 23.33%. Patient's age ranged from 10-82 years with a mean age of 39.57 years. Maximum deaths were seen in the age group of 50-64 years. Among the studied cases majority were males i.e. 100 males compared to only 20 females. But the death rates were found to be almost similar among both the sexes. i.e. 24% in males compared to almost similar i.e. 20% in females. From the above table, it is seen that survival was 100% if the exudates was clear. As the exudates consistency deteriorated, the survival rate decreased and the mortality rate increased. Most common cause of peritonitis in the study was DU perforation 40%. Mortality rate was found to be very high in case of peritonitis caused by gangrenous bowel (46.15%) followed by trauma in 37.5% of cases. Conclusions: A total of 120 cases were studied. Mortality was 23.33% and morbidity was 51%. Out of the variables studied Age >50 years was significant. Pre-op duration of >24 hours was significant. Nature of peritoneal fluid was also significant. Female sex was not found to be significant. Early diagnosis and intervention is the best way to prevent mortality and morbidity in peritonitis.

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“…Although antibiotics reduce the general effects of sepsis and infectious complications [39,40], most clinicians believe that optimal results are achieved with drainage of intra-abdominal collections if technically possible [4,5,27,[41][42][43]. Laparoscopic or open surgical management may be complicated by excessive bleeding and an increased risk of inadvertent enterotomies, and many surgeons, therefore, prefer a nonoperative approach with broad spectrum antibiotics and percutaneous drainage [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%