Antibiotic Prescribing by Informal Healthcare Providers for Common Illnesses: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study in Rural India

Khare, Shweta; Purohit, Manju; Sharma, Megha; Tamhankar, Ashok J.; Lundborg, Cecilia Stålsby; Diwan, Vishal; Pathak, Ashish

doi:10.3390/antibiotics8030139

Cited by 33 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Children who received any home treatment had an increased risk of severe pneumonia in the present study. This could be due to greater prescription of antibiotics in the study area [36,37]. Treatment with inappropriate antibiotics could have increased the risk of severe pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Incidence and Risk Factors for Severe Pneumonia in Children Hospitalized with Pneumonia in Ujjain, India

Kasundriya

Dhaneria

Mathur

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Childhood pneumonia is a major public health problem. The aim of this prospective hospital-based study is to determine the incidence and risk factors for community-acquired severe pneumonia in children in Ujjain, India. The study includes 270 children, 161 (60%) boys and 109 (40%) girls, aged between 2 months and 5 years with World Health Organization defined and radiologically confirmed severe pneumonia. Considering the 270 children, 64% (95% confidence interval (CI) 57.9–69.4) have severe pneumonia. The following are identified as risk factors for severe pneumonia from the generalized logistic regression model: Born premature (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 7.50; 95% CI 2.22–25.31; p = 0.001); history of measles (AOR 6.35; 95% CI 1.73–23.30; p = 0.005); incomplete vaccination (AOR 2.66; 95% CI 1.09–6.48; p = 0.031); acyanotic congenital heart disease (AOR 9.21; 95% CI 2.29–36.99; p = 0.002); home treatment tried (AOR 3.84; 95% CI 1.42–10.39; p = 0.008); living in a kuchha house (AOR 3.89; 95% CI 1.51–10.01; p = 0.027); overcrowding (AOR 4.50; 95% CI 1.75–11.51; p = 0.002);poor ventilation in living area (AOR 16.37; 95% CI 4.67–57.38; p < 0.001); and practicing open defecation (AOR 16.92; 95% CI 4.95–57.85; p < 0.001). Awareness of these risk factors can reduce mortality due to severe pneumonia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Incidence and Risk Factors for Severe Pneumonia in Children Hospitalized with Pneumonia in Ujjain, India

Kasundriya

Dhaneria

Mathur

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Antimicrobials prescriptions were used maximum in age groups of fi ve to 12 years which is similar to the study done in the Madhya Pradesh, India. 23 The average number of antimicrobials per prescription was less than two which is as per recommendation of WHO. 24 The 62.5% of antimicrobials prescribed were from National List of Essential Medicines which is less than that of study conducted by Pise et al (77.5%) and Kanish et al (86%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of the Prescription Pattern of Antimicrobial Agents in Hospitalised Paediatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal

Khadka

Rayamajhi

Shrestha

2018

J. Nepal Paedtr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Infectious diseases are one of the most frequent reasons for hospital admission for children and antimicrobials are commonly used to treat them. There is higher prevalence of irrational prescriptions of antimicrobials in such population. This study was conducted to survey the pattern of antimicrobial prescription in Paediatric inpatient. Material and Methods: This was retrospective, descriptive, observational study. The data was collected from prescription records. The paediatric population included in the study was categorised into three age groups. A total of 87 prescriptions were studied and the information was recorded in performa. Data were recorded in MS Excel and Graph Pad Prism version 6 was used for analysis. Results: The number of male child was outnumbered by female child. The average age of the patient on antimicrobial prescription was 5.34 ± 2.18 years. The mean duration of hospital stay was 6.17 ± 2.01 days. The common indications for antimicrobial prescriptions were upper respiratory tract infections, diarrhoeal illness, urinary tract infections, enteric fever, etc. The antimicrobials prescription rate was 1.33. Oral route was found to be commonly used than parenteral route. The generic prescription rate was 33.6%. The most common drug prescribed was ceftriaxone followed by amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and amikacin. The 62.5% of antimicrobials were prescribed from National Essential List of Medicines. Conclusion: This study highlights the prescription pattern of antimicrobial agents in hospitalised Paediatric population in a tertiary care hospital.

show abstract

“…This may be due to the wider rural catchment area of the TH, leading to more patients from villages being admitted to the hospital. Study shows that such patients often sought healthcare late [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Antibiotic Prescribing to Patients with Infectious and Non-Infectious Indications Admitted to Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in Central India

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Patients admitted to obstetrics and gynaecology (OBGY) departments are at high risk of infections and subsequent antibiotic prescribing, which may contribute to antibiotic resistance (ABR). Although antibiotic surveillance is one of the cornerstones to combat ABR, it is rarely performed in low- and middle-income countries. Aim: To describe and compare antibiotic prescription patterns among the inpatients in OBGY departments of two tertiary care hospitals, one teaching (TH) and one nonteaching (NTH), in Central India. Methods: Data on patients’ demographics, diagnoses and prescribed antibiotics were collected prospectively for three years. Patients were divided into two categories- infectious and non-infectious diagnosis and were further divided into three groups: surgical, nonsurgical and possible-surgical indications. The data was coded based on the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system, and the International Classification of Disease system version-10 and Defined Daily Doses (DDDs) were calculated per 1000 patients. Results: In total, 5558 patients were included in the study, of those, 81% in the TH and 85% in the NTH received antibiotics (p < 0.001). Antibiotics were prescribed frequently to the inpatients in the nonsurgical group without any documented bacterial infection (TH-71%; NTH-75%). Prescribing of broad-spectrum, fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) of antibiotics was more common in both categories in the NTH than in the TH. Overall, higher DDD/1000 patients were prescribed in the TH in both categories. Conclusions: Antibiotics were frequently prescribed to the patients with no documented infectious indications. Misprescribing of the broad-spectrum FDCs of antibiotics and unindicated prescribing of antibiotics point towards threat of ABR and needs urgent action. Antibiotics prescribed to the inpatients having nonbacterial infection indications is another point of concern that requires action. Investigation of underlying reasons for prescribing antibiotics for unindicated diagnoses and the development and implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs are recommended measures to improve antibiotic prescribing practice.

show abstract

Antibiotic Prescribing by Informal Healthcare Providers for Common Illnesses: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study in Rural India

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Incidence and Risk Factors for Severe Pneumonia in Children Hospitalized with Pneumonia in Ujjain, India

Incidence and Risk Factors for Severe Pneumonia in Children Hospitalized with Pneumonia in Ujjain, India

Evaluation of the Prescription Pattern of Antimicrobial Agents in Hospitalised Paediatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal

Antibiotic Prescribing to Patients with Infectious and Non-Infectious Indications Admitted to Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in Central India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About