Antibiotic activity of lipid-soluble extracts from Caribbean marine algae

Ballantine, David L.; Gerwick, William H.; Vélez, Sergio; Alexander, Evelina; Guevara, Pablo

doi:10.1007/bf00046168

Cited by 69 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Two of the macroalgae produced hydrophilic compounds that exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity (D. menstrualis, L. variegata). However, previous studies have suggested that inhibitory compounds are primarily lipophilic (Ballantine et al 1987;Steinberg et al 2001), but we found that 25% of the examined hydrophilic extracts 15. L. majuscula P *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 16.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…An antibacterial disk diffusion assay of 102 Puerto Rican macroalgae demonstrated at least some antibacterial activity in 64% of lipophilic extracts examined. The distribution of activity was relatively even (63-71%) among the major algal divisions, but was consistently higher in several orders (83% in Dictyotales, 76% in Caulerpales; Ballantine et al 1987). In another extensive study of 54 species of marine algae and 2 species of seagrasses collected from IndoPacific coral reefs, 95% of the extracts demonstrated antimicrobial activity; however, broad-spectrum activity was demonstrated in \50% of samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Marine plants and animals frequently harbor species-specific microbial assemblages that are distinct from the assemblages found in the surrounding environment and are important to host defenses (Baker and Orr 1986;Wahl and Hay 1995;Rohwer et al 2002). Several other studies have surveyed both tropical (Ballantine et al 1987;Engel et al 2006) and temperate macroalgae (Cetrulo and Hay 2000) and illustrate the ubiquitous nature of marine chemical defenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allelochemicals produced by Caribbean macroalgae and cyanobacteria have species-specific effects on reef coral microorganisms

Morrow

Paul²,

Liles

et al. 2011

Coral Reefs

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Coral populations have precipitously declined on Caribbean reefs while algal abundance has increased, leading to enhanced competitive damage to corals, which likely is mediated by the potent allelochemicals produced by both macroalgae and benthic cyanobacteria. Allelochemicals may affect the composition and abundance of coral-associated microorganisms that control host responses and adaptations to environmental change, including susceptibility to bacterial diseases. Here, we demonstrate that extracts of six Caribbean macroalgae and two benthic cyanobacteria have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on bacterial taxa cultured from the surfaces of Caribbean corals, macroalgae, and corals exposed to macroalgal extracts. The growth of 54 bacterial isolates was monitored in the presence of lipophilic and hydrophilic crude extracts derived from Caribbean macroalgae and cyanobacteria using 96-well plate bioassays. All 54 bacterial cultures were identified by ribotyping. Lipophilic extracts from two species of Dictyota brown algae inhibited[50% of the reef coral bacteria assayed, and hydrophilic compounds from Dictyota menstrualis particularly inhibited Vibrio bacteria, a genus associated with several coral diseases. In contrast, both lipo-and hydrophilic extracts from 2 species of Lyngbya cyanobacteria strongly stimulated bacterial growth. The brown alga Lobophora variegata produced hydrophilic compounds with broad-spectrum antibacterial effects, which inhibited 93% of the bacterial cultures. Furthermore, bacteria cultured from different locations (corals vs. macroalgae vs. coral surfaces exposed to macroalgal extracts) responded differently to algal extracts. These results reveal that extracts from macroalgae and cyanobacteria have species-specific effects on the composition of coral-microbial assemblages, which in turn may increase coral host susceptibility to disease and result in coral mortality.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allelochemicals produced by Caribbean macroalgae and cyanobacteria have species-specific effects on reef coral microorganisms

Morrow

Paul²,

Liles

et al. 2011

Coral Reefs

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enhanced treatment of infectious diseases by microbicide has limitations because of its changing patterns of resistance in pathogens and side effects. These limitations demand for the identification of new antimicrobial compounds derived from natural sources especially from marine (Ballantine et al, 1987).Marine seaweeds are rich source of structurally novel and biologically active metabolites. Secondary and primary metabolites isolated from seaweeds are potentially active in the pharmaceutical industry against human and other diseases (Farias et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbicidal activity of crude extracts from Sargassum wightii against Bacillus cereus

Venugopal¹,

Thirumalairaj²,

Durairaj³

et al. 2014

Int Curr Pharm J

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INTRODUCTION World Health Organization (2004) reported that infectious diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and bacterial infection causes high rate of mortality in human population (Farias et al., 2000). The enhanced treatment of infectious diseases by microbicide has limitations because of its changing patterns of resistance in pathogens and side effects. These limitations demand for the identification of new antimicrobial compounds derived from natural sources especially from marine (Ballantine et al., 1987).Marine seaweeds are rich source of structurally novel and biologically active metabolites. Secondary and primary metabolites isolated from seaweeds are potentially active in the pharmaceutical industry against human and other diseases (Farias et al., 2000). Most of the secondary metabolites of marine seaweeds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and phenolic compounds show wide range of anti-bacterial activities against the human pathogens ( Thirumaran et al., 2006) and recent research implies that polysaccharides like inulin, oligo-fructose, galacto oligosaccharides and lactilose can also act as potent prebiotic compounds against pathogenic microbes in humans.The antimicrobial activity of seaweeds in the coastal area of Tamil Nadu is still needs to be explored. Sargassum wightii belongs to brown seaweeds and are widely found in south Indian coastal belt with remarkable biological activities.Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped aerobic bacterium with endospore (Todar, 2008) and can multiply quickly even at room temperature. B. cereus is responsible for a minority (2-5%) of food borne diseases (Todar, 2008;Davis, 2010), causing severe nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, aggressive than necrotizing fasciitis. Food poisoning is a major health problem, affecting both industrialized and developing countries.Objective of the present study was to screen the crude solvent extracts of S. wightii against the food borne pathogen B. cereus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antibacterial assaysBacterial culture B. cereus was collected from the Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India. Collected strain was grown in Trypticase soy-polymyxin broth under aerobic conditions at 37°C in a rotary shaker at 200 rpm to reach exponential growth. Screening of antibacterial activityCrude petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and ethanol extracts of the seaweed S. wightii were obtained by sequential solvent extraction method using a soxhlet. The antibacterial activity of crude extracts was performed by agar plate well diffusion assay on Mueller Hinton Agar (Marudhupandi and AjithKumar, 2013). Mueller Hinton agar media was prepared, sterilized and poured into sterile Petri dishes. Wells of 6 mm diameter were made on the agar plates by using sterilized well cutter. Inoculum in exponential phase of growth, equivalent to a 0.5 McFarland standard was swabbed on to the surface of the agar. Crude extracts of the solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and ethanol) were prep...

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Antimicrobial Activity of Seaweeds

Sridhar

Vidyavathi

1991

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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Summary:The literature on the bioactivity of seaweeds against bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa has been consulted to provide a consolidated report. Information on seaweed metabolites which are antimicrobial in nature is also briefly reported. An appendix provides the details on kind of seaweed, location, period of collection, active compound against microorganisms and reference source. It is possible to derive the details in connection with antimicrobial activity of seaweeds pertaining to regions, seasons, chemical nature and their activity against microorganisms.

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Antibiotic activity of lipid-soluble extracts from Caribbean marine algae

Cited by 69 publications

References 36 publications

Allelochemicals produced by Caribbean macroalgae and cyanobacteria have species-specific effects on reef coral microorganisms

Allelochemicals produced by Caribbean macroalgae and cyanobacteria have species-specific effects on reef coral microorganisms

Microbicidal activity of crude extracts from Sargassum wightii against Bacillus cereus

Antimicrobial Activity of Seaweeds

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