Antibiotic absorption from infected and normal joints using a rabbit knee joint model

Abstract

An understanding of the absorption of antibiotics from joints was investigated comparing intraarticular (i.a.) absorption with intramuscular (i.m.) absorption in a rabbit knee model. The antibiotics investigated were methicillin, cephalothin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, amikacin, neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin. Absorption was measured both in animals in which the knee joint was infected with Staphylococcus aureus and in normal animals. The pattern of absorption was similar among different antibiotics. On an average, antibiotics are absorbed from infected joints 37% slower than from an i.m. injection. In animals that are not infected i.a. antibiotics are actually absorbed 12% faster than i.m. antibiotics. Thus, i.a. antibiotics are absorbed rapidly and similarly to i.m. injection and should be included in total dose calculations for antibiotic regimens, especially with regard to their potential toxicity.

Cationic PLGA/Eudragit RL nanoparticles for increasing retention time in synovial cavity after intra-articular injection in knee joint

“…The IA route is even comparable to intramuscular or subcutaneous routes pharmacokinetically with regard to rapid redistribution of drug into the bloodstream. 7 Several polymeric microparticle and nanoparticle (NP) systems have been attempted with the goal of increasing the retention time of therapeutic agents within the joint cavity. The various polymers that have been explored include poly(lactide), poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), albumin, and chitosan.…”

Methylprednisolone‐loaded PLGA microspheres: A new formulation for sustained release via intra‐articular administration. A comparison study with methylprednisolone acetate in rats

“…route appears comparable to other non-intravenous, parenteral routes of administration. 2 Because of the joint physiology and depending on their chemical structure, some active substances are rapidly cleared from the joint, leading to high systemic plasma levels. 3 As an example, triamcinolone acetonide and triamcinolone hexacetonide given intra-articularly were completely absorbed from the site of injection over a period of 2-3 weeks.…”