Antibiorésistance des souches de <em>Salmonella gallinarum</em> isolées en aviculture moderne en zones périurbaines au Mali

Abstract

L’objectif de l’étude, menée d’août 2014 à décembre 2015, était de tester la résistance aux antibiotiques de 52 isolats de Salmonella gallinarum obtenus à partir d’élevages avicoles modernes situés en zones périurbaines du district de Bamako (n = 27), et des villes de Ségou (n = 16) et Sikasso (n = 9). Les taux de résistance moyens obtenus ont été de 98,08 % à l’érythromycine, 94,23 % à la colistine, 90,38 % à la streptomycine, 67,31 % à la kanamycine, 65,38 % à la fluméquine, 63,46 % à la doxycycline, 59,61 % à la tétracycline et 21,15 % à la gentamicine. Tous les isolats de salmonelles issus des élevages du district de Bamako se sont avérés résistants à la tétracycline, à la doxycycline et à l’érythromycine. De même, une résistance à l’érythromycine, à la tétracycline, à la colistine et à la streptomycine a été mise en évidence pour tous les isolats issus des élevages du site de Sikasso. Les résultats ont montré un développement de la résistance de la plupart des souches de salmonelles isolées à la majorité des antibiotiques usuels et dans une moindre mesure à la gentamicine.

First report of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Infantis in broiler litter in Tolima, Colombia

“…In fact, in this study, all S. Infantis and S. Gallinarum strains were found to be resistant to the antibiotics evaluated in the aminoglycoside group (gentamicin and streptomycin). These results were similar to those reported for S. Gallinarum in Nigeria and Mali in cloacal swabs and poultry organs [43,44] and S. Infantis in Ecuador, England, and Japan in environmental samples from farms and poultry meat [12,14,45].…”

Antibiotic resistance of salmonella strains isolated from poultry products (eggs and organs) from markets and slaughter areas in the Bamako district

“…The main sources of human contamination are products of avian origin, such as eggs and poultry meat [7] . The fight against avian salmonellosis in Mali is mainly based on the abusive use of antimicrobial products, in this case antibiotics [16,17] . These molecules block the growth of bacteria or destroy them.…”

“…However, recent years have seen the spread of antimicrobial resistance among non-typhoidal Salmonella isolats in humans [8] . This antibiotic resistance represents a threat to human health and a real public health problem [16,11,5,6] . Certain strains of multi-resistant Salmonella of animal origin are suspected of having acquired their resistance genes before being transmitted to humans via the food chain [7,14] .…”

Avian Salmonellosis and Colibacillosis: Risk Factors, Antibiotic Resistance, Public Health Impact and Biological Control

“…and Escherichia coli respectively and are considered as one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality either as a primary or secondary pathogen 2 . In West Africa, salmonellosis alone causes significant economic losses with mortalities of up to 90% 3 . Antibiotic therapy with synthetic molecules is one of the ways to control these diseases.…”

“…These include antibiotics of the tetracycline class, sulfonamides, penicillins, quinolones, aminoglycosides, polymyxins and macrolides 97,98 . The frequent use of these different classes of antibiotics has allowed over the years the emergence of multidrug resistant strains of Salmonella and Escherichia coli 3,11,13 . Thus, many authors through their work have demonstrated that several strains of Salmonella isolated from chicken farms have developed resistance to tetracyclines, sulfonamides, quinolones and polymyxins 16,99,100 .…”