Antibiofilm Properties of Acetic Acid

Abstract

Bacterial biofilms are known to be extremely tolerant toward antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents. These biofilms cause the persistence of chronic infections. Since antibiotics rarely resolve these infections, the only effective treatment of chronic infections is surgical removal of the infected implant, tissue, or organ and thereby the biofilm. Acetic acid is known for its antimicrobial effect on bacteria in general, but has never been thoroughly tested for its efficacy against bacterial biofilms. In this article, we describe complete eradication of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative biofilms using acetic acid both as a liquid and as a dry salt. In addition, we present our clinical experience of acetic acid treatment of chronic wounds. In conclusion, we here present the first comprehensive and testing of acetic acid against bacterial biofilms.

Antimicrobial dressings: Comparison of the ability of a panel of dressings to prevent biofilm formation by key burn wound pathogens

“…Additionally, the study has provided further evidence that AA can prevent the formation of biofilms by key burn wound pathogens, and has indicated that this activity compares favourably to the best performing AMDs. The antimicrobial effect of AA against planktonic and biofilm growth modes of bacteria has been reported previously [39,40], but comparison to AMD is a new finding.…”

“…AA was tested at Acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) Bactericidal and active against biofilms when used at low concentration for a range of important burn wound pathogens [39,40] b u r n s x x x ( 2 0 1 5 ) x x x -x x x the following dilutions: 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.63%, 0.31%, 0.16%, 0.08%, 0.04%, 0.02% and 0.01%. For the AMD test wells, one piece of dressing was placed into the well containing the organism suspension and water to provide a total volume of 2 ml plus dressing.…”

Chemical Peeling as an Innovative Treatment Alternative to Oral Antifungals for Onychomycosis in Special Circumstances

“…Ltd.). BAA, derived from black rice has antimicrobial including antifungal activity and also breaks biofilm [7, 8]. Salicylic acid enhances penetration of other peel agents and CPO [9].…”

Innovative Physical Approaches for Onychomycosis: Peeling, Lasers and Beyond

“…Acetic acid in 5% concentration or at a concentration to produce a pH < 3.5 has been shown to be highly effective in direct killing as well as biofilm matrix penetration of various bacteria as well as Candida spp. [4, 18, 19]. SA as well as aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) solutions have shown up to 90% activity against Candida albicans biofilm disruption [20].…”