Antibiofilm effects of pomegranate peel extracts against B. cereus, B. subtilis, and E. faecalis

Abstract

In this study, the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) extracts (PPLs) prepared by 10g of pomegranate peels (PPL10) and 100 mL of different solvents (ethanol, methanol, and their acid combinations, and water) were investigated as sources of bioactive compounds against food related bacteria. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were measured by using agar well diffusion assay. The acid-treated extracts exhibited the highest antimicrobial activities (31-34 mm). The biofilm formations were assessed by using a microplate reader (570 nm) after crystal violet staining. The prevention and removal of bacterial biofilms were also evaluated by using extracts prepared by 5g of initial pomegranate peel (PPL5) with the different solvents or 200 ppm chlorine solution. All PPL5 and PPL10 extracts diluted at different ratios inhibited and removed biofilms and the highest antibiofilm effects were up to 80% by acidtreated extracts. In addition, PPL5s and PPL10s were as effective as or more effective than chlorine for the prevention of biofilms. Therefore, from an economical perspective the PPL5s could represent promising candidates as natural antibiofilm agents for food industry.

Enhancing or Inhibitory Effect of Fruit or Vegetable Bioactive Compound on Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae

“…[1][2][3]. Fruit-processing waste (FPW) is utilized for animal feed, biogas, or biofertilizer production [2,4]; however, in many cases, it ends up in landfills, and disposal can be costly within environment protection regulations [2]. The high moisture content of the material decreases the life span and limits its applications since it can easily degrade [2].…”

Agro-Food Waste: Harnessing the Potential Significance of Natural Biofilm Inhibitors

“…35 Acidified extracts of pomegranate peel exhibited higher antibiofilm activities than the alcoholic ones, particularly against Bacillus strains and Enterococcus faecalis as previously reported. 30 A dose-dependent antibiofilm efficacy of pomegranate peel was also observed against six oral pathogens isolated from dental caries and supragingival plaque: (Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Gemella morbillorum, Staphylococcus epidermis, Enterococcus bugandensis, and Klebsiella oxytoca). The maximum antibiofilm activity was observed with E. faecalis and S. epidermis, while the lowest was detected with E. bugandensis.…”

“…3 Its peel (exocarp and mesocarp) constitutes about 30-50% of the total weight of the whole fresh fruit. 30 Pomegranate peel has been used globally for treating health disorders. 31 The chemical composition of the peel varies depending on the cultivar type.…”

Novel Perspectives on Food-Based Natural Antimicrobials: A Review of Recent Findings Published since 2020

“…For this purpose, interest in natural antimicrobials, which are alternatives to the use of synthetic chemicals generally preferred, is increasing day by day [ 36 ]. Considering the use of food processing by-products (e.g., olive oil mill wastewater), fruit and vegetable products (peels, seed, and pomace), various herbs, spices, and flowers (essential oils) are considered as natural antimicrobials with their bioactive compounds [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Extracts and powders of these plant-based products, which show naturally antimicrobial properties, have been evaluated both to increase the quality of bakery, meat, and dairy products and to extend their shelf life ( Table 1 ).…”