Antibiofilm activity of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using viticultural waste

Abstract

Green methods have become vital for sustainable development of the scientific and commercial sphere; however, they can bring new challenges, including the need for detailed characterization and elucidation of efficacy of their products. In this study, green method of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) production was employed using an extract from grapevine canes. The aim of the study was to contribute to the knowledge about biosynthesized AgNPs by focusing on elucidation of their antifungal efficiency based on their size and/or hypothesized synergy with bioactive substances from Vitis vinifera cane extract. The antifungal activity of AgNPs capped and stabilized with bioactive compounds was tested against the opportunistic pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. Two dispersions of nanoparticles with different morphology (characterized by SEM-in-STEM, DLS, UV-Vis, XRD, and AAS) were prepared by modification of reaction conditions suitable for economical production and their long-term stability monitored for six months was confirmed. The aims of the study included the comparison of the antifungal effect against suspension cells and biofilm of small monodisperse AgNPs with narrow size distribution and large polydisperse AgNPs. The hypothesis of synergistic interaction of biologically active molecules from V. vinifera extracts and AgNPs against both cell forms were tested. The interactions of all AgNPs dispersions with the cell surface and changes in cell morphology were imaged using SEM. All variants of AgNPs dispersions were found to be active against suspension and biofilm cells of C. albicans; nevertheless, surprisingly, larger polydisperse AgNPs were found to be more effective. Synergistic action of nanoparticles with biologically active extract compounds was proven for biofilm cells (MBIC80 20 mg/L of polydisperse AgNPs in extract), while isolated nanoparticles suspended in water were more active against suspension cells (MIC 20 mg/L of polydisperse AgNPs dispersed in water). Our results bring new insight into the economical production of AgNPs with defined characteristics, which were proven to target a specific mode of growth of significant pathogen C. albicans.

Planophila laetevirens-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Optimization, Characterization, and Anticancer and Antibacterial Potentials

“…These data suggest that B-P@Ag-NPs and S-P@Ag-NPs are stable in colloidal systems. Additionally, the negativity of the NP surfaces could be derived from biomolecules surrounding the NPs, such as COO- and OH . Roychoudhury et al synthesized Ag-NPs using Lyngbya majuscule and found that their HD and zeta potentials were 149 nm and −35.2 mV …”

Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Encephalartos laurentianus De Wild Leaf Extract Have Inhibitory Activity against Candida albicans Clinical Isolates

“…It was reported that AgNPs affect the membrane of the fungal cells and possibly the integrity of the membrane due to increasing the cell permeability and outflow of the cellular proteins, DNA, and RNA [ 44 ]. Other researchers reported that the antibiofilm activity is mainly attributed to the inhibition of the adherence of the planktonic cells of fungi to different surfaces [ 45 ]. Future studies are needed to elucidate the exact mode of action of AgNPs.…”

Metal Nanoparticles to Combat Candida albicans Infections: An Update

“…Miškovská et al [ 61 ] synthesized AgNPs using Vitis vinifera cane extract (VV-AgNPs). These nanoparticles had various shapes, with an average size ranging from 34.43 to 101.63 nm, and a Zeta potential ranging from –30.04 to –21.24 mV.…”