Antibacterial titanium surfaces for medical implants

Ferraris, Sara; Spriano, Silvia Maria

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.062

Cited by 337 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Recently, several methods of silver deposition have been described, including ion implantation, electrochemical ion exchange, sol-gel, sputtering, and plasma spray. 24 The Tollens reaction was used in the present study as it is considered eco-friendly, simple, and cost-effective. The addition of silver resulted in the formation of silver precipitations, which were uniform, but heterogeneously displaced on the surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silver BR from titanium was also observed in the study by Mei et al 28 and Unosson et al 13 It is probably related to the methods used for the nanosilver incorporation, which do not provide stable ion release. 24 Zhao et al suggested that a certain nanotopography could help to prevent excessive ion leakage. 29 In contrast, Zhang et al proposed that the level of hydrophobicity protected the material from excessive silver release.…”

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confidence: 99%

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In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery

Pokrowiecki¹,

Zaręba²,

Szaraniec³

et al. 2017

IJN

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The addition of an antibacterial agent to dental implants may provide the opportunity to decrease the percentage of implant failures due to peri-implantitis. For this purpose, in this study, the potential efficacy of nanosilver-doped titanium biomaterials was determined. Titanium disks were incorporated with silver nanoparticles over different time periods by Tollens reaction, which is considered to be an eco-friendly, cheap, and easy-to-perform method. The surface roughness, wettability, and silver release profile of each disc were measured. In addition, the antibacterial activity was also evaluated by using disk diffusion tests for bacteria frequently isolated from the peri-implant biofilm: Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Staphylococcus aureus , and Escherichia coli . Cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro in a natural human osteoblasts cell culture. The addition of nanosilver significantly increased the surface roughness and decreased the wettability in a dose-dependent manner. These surfaces were significantly toxic to all the tested bacteria following a 48-hour exposure, regardless of silver doping duration. A concentration of 0.05 ppm was sufficient to inhibit Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, with the latter being significantly more susceptible to silver ions. However, after the exposure of human osteoblasts to 0.1 ppm of silver ions, a significant decrease in cell viability was observed by using ToxiLight™ BioAssay Kit after 72 hours. Data from the present study indicated that the incorporation of nanosilver may influence the surface properties that are important in the implant healing process. The presence of nanosilver on the titanium provides an antibacterial activity related to the bacteria involved in peri-implantitis. Finally, the potential toxicological considerations of nanosilver should further be investigated, as both the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties may be observed at similar concentration ranges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery

Pokrowiecki¹,

Zaręba²,

Szaraniec³

et al. 2017

IJN

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“…44 Among these methods, in situ preparation of Ag nanoparticles has been proved to be a useful and simple way to modulate the amount of deposited nanoparticles and control the size of Ag nanoparticles on the surface. 39 However, the biocompatibility of the Ti-based implants should not be ignored, especially the release of Ag + that we should pay attention to, as many works attributed the toxicity of Ag NPs to the Ag + release 45,46 and Ag + is very toxic to the human body. 18 Because of its nontoxicity and biodegradability, as a natural organic material, chitosan (CS) is usually employed to improve the bioactivity of biomaterials with a bioinert nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Silver Doped Titanate Nanowires on Ti Implants

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

104

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A nanostructured film composed of one-dimensional titanate nanowires (TNWs) was employed as a carrier of Ag nanoparticles and chitosan (CS) to improve the surface antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of titanium implants. A TNWs film was produced on a Ti substrate by an alkali hydrothermal reaction and subsequently doped by Ag nanoparticles through an ultraviolet light chemical reduction. The CS nanofilm was deposited on the Ag nanoparticles through a spin-assisted layer by layer assembly method. The results disclosed that Ag nanoparticles were successfully carried by TNWs and homogeneously distributed on the entire surface. Moreover, a CS nanofilm was also successfully deposited on the Ag nanoparticles. Antibacterial tests showed that the samples modified with a higher initial concentration of AgNO3 solution exhibited better antibacterial activity, and that a CS nanofilm could further improve the antibacterial activity of the TNWs. Cell viability and ALP tests revealed that the release of Ag(+) was detrimental for the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3, and that CS could lower the negative effects of Ag gradually as the incubation time increased.

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“…However, bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on Ti surfaces remain the most common cause of failure of Ti implants (2). Ti can be functionalized with oxhydryl and amino group, which can in turn tether biomolecules, giving the surface multiple biofunctionalities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Covalent Immobilization of Enoxacin onto Titanium Implant Surfaces for Inhibiting Multiple Bacterial Species Infection and In Vivo Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection Prophylaxis

Nie

Long

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Infection is one of the most important causes of titanium implant failure in vivo. A developing prophylactic method involves the immobilization of antibiotics, especially vancomycin, onto the surface of the titanium implant. However, these methods have a limited effect in curbing multiple bacterial infections due to antibiotic specificity. In the current study, enoxacin was covalently bound to an aminefunctionalized Ti surface by use of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer, and the bactericidal effectiveness was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The titanium surface was amine functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), through which PEG spacer molecules were covalently immobilized onto the titanium, and then the enoxacin was covalently bound to the PEG, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). A spread plate assay, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the antimicrobial activity. For the in vivo study, Ti implants were inoculated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and implanted into the femoral medullary cavity of rats. The degree of infection was assessed by radiography, micro-computed tomography, and determination of the counts of adherent bacteria 3 weeks after surgery. Our data demonstrate that the enoxacin-modified PEGylated Ti surface effectively prevented bacterial colonization without compromising cell viability, adhesion, or proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, it prevented MRSA infection of the Ti implants in vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the use of enoxacin-modified Ti is a potential approach to the alleviation of infections of Ti implants by multiple bacterial species.

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Antibacterial titanium surfaces for medical implants

Cited by 337 publications

References 122 publications

In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery

In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery

Antibacterial Activity of Silver Doped Titanate Nanowires on Ti Implants

Covalent Immobilization of Enoxacin onto Titanium Implant Surfaces for Inhibiting Multiple Bacterial Species Infection and In Vivo Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection Prophylaxis

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