Abstract:The over-reliance on antibiotics and their enormous misuse has led to warnings of a future without effective medicines and so, the need for alternatives to antibiotics has become a must. Non-traditional antibacterial treatment was performed by using an aray of nanocomposites synergised with exposure to electromagnetic waves. In this manuscript, electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber mats embedded with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized. The nanocomposites were characterized by Transmission… Show more
“…A nontraditional antibacterial treatment was performed by using an array of nanofiber mats together with exposure to electromagnetic waves. The applied electromagnetic waves (EMWs) were shown to be a synergistic co-factor in killing bacteria even at low nanofiber mat concentrations [ 21 ]. In a different way, exposure to a magnetic field of 1.8 mT for 20 min was adopted to develop the kinetics of dentin/enamel re-mineralization in combination with nano-chitosan gels.…”
Chronic wounds are commonly colonized with bacteria in a way that prevents full healing process and capacity for repair. Nano-chitosan, a biodegradable and nontoxic biopolymer, has shown bacteriostatic activity against a wide spectrum of bacteria. Effectively, pulsed electromagnetic fields are shown to have both wound healing enhancement and antibacterial activity. This work aimed to combine the use of nano-chitosan and exposure to a pulsed electric field to overcome two common types of infectious bacteria, namely P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Here, bacteria growing rate, growth kinetics and cell cytotoxicity (levels of lactate dehydrogenase, protein leakage and nucleic acid leakage) were investigated. Our findings confirmed the maximum antibacterial synergistic combination of nano-chitosan and exposure against P. aeruginosa than using each one alone. It is presumed that the exposure has influenced bacteria membrane charge distribution in a manner that allowed more chitosan to anchor the surface and enter inside the cell. Significantly, cell cytotoxicity substantiates high enzymatic levels as a result of cell membrane disintegration. In conclusion, exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields has a synergistic antibacterial effect against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with maximum inhibitory effect for the last one. Extensive work should be done to evaluate the combination against different bacteria types to get general conclusive results. The ability of using pulsed electromagnetic fields as a wound healing accelerator and antibacterial cofactor has been proved, but in vivo experimental work in the future to verify the use of such a new combination against infectious wounds and to determine optimum treatment conditions is a must.
“…A nontraditional antibacterial treatment was performed by using an array of nanofiber mats together with exposure to electromagnetic waves. The applied electromagnetic waves (EMWs) were shown to be a synergistic co-factor in killing bacteria even at low nanofiber mat concentrations [ 21 ]. In a different way, exposure to a magnetic field of 1.8 mT for 20 min was adopted to develop the kinetics of dentin/enamel re-mineralization in combination with nano-chitosan gels.…”
Chronic wounds are commonly colonized with bacteria in a way that prevents full healing process and capacity for repair. Nano-chitosan, a biodegradable and nontoxic biopolymer, has shown bacteriostatic activity against a wide spectrum of bacteria. Effectively, pulsed electromagnetic fields are shown to have both wound healing enhancement and antibacterial activity. This work aimed to combine the use of nano-chitosan and exposure to a pulsed electric field to overcome two common types of infectious bacteria, namely P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Here, bacteria growing rate, growth kinetics and cell cytotoxicity (levels of lactate dehydrogenase, protein leakage and nucleic acid leakage) were investigated. Our findings confirmed the maximum antibacterial synergistic combination of nano-chitosan and exposure against P. aeruginosa than using each one alone. It is presumed that the exposure has influenced bacteria membrane charge distribution in a manner that allowed more chitosan to anchor the surface and enter inside the cell. Significantly, cell cytotoxicity substantiates high enzymatic levels as a result of cell membrane disintegration. In conclusion, exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields has a synergistic antibacterial effect against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with maximum inhibitory effect for the last one. Extensive work should be done to evaluate the combination against different bacteria types to get general conclusive results. The ability of using pulsed electromagnetic fields as a wound healing accelerator and antibacterial cofactor has been proved, but in vivo experimental work in the future to verify the use of such a new combination against infectious wounds and to determine optimum treatment conditions is a must.
“…The real part of permittivity (ε′) was found to be dependent on filler concentration, confirming the DC dielectric strength findings [4]. This research aims to improve the dielectric properties of polyvinyl chloride by manufacturing sheets of polyvinyl chloride injected with metal oxides such as lead oxide and copper oxide at different concentrations and then making comparisons to reach the best concentrations as well as injecting polyvinyl chloride with lead oxide and copper oxide [5] in the nanoscale to compare with the best previous concentrations to prove the effectiveness of nanotechnology in improving the dielectric properties [6], [7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 68%
“…Figure (6) displays the loss factor against frequency for micro PbO and CuO, PbO and CuO NPs, pure PVC, pure PVC /micro PbO composites, and PVC / PbO, PVC / CuO nanocomposites at room temperature. It can be seen from Figure (6) that, the loss factor curve of pure PVC, micro PbO, CuO, and PbO, CuO NPs possess the same behavior which involves decreases for the loss factor with an increase in the frequency. As the frequency increased, the dipole polarization effects reduced, and the values of the loss factor declined accordingly.…”
Section: Dielectric Properties and Ac Conductivitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Frequency dependence of the relative permittivity (έ) of (a) micro PbO/PVC, (b) micro CuO/PVC composites, and (c) 40 wt.% nano CuO/PVC, 40 wt.% nano PbO/PVC, and (20 wt.% nano CuO +20 wt.% nano PbO)/PVC composites.The loss factor is a measure of the loss of energy in a dielectric material through conduction, and it is preferred to be smaller for insulation materials. Figure(6) displays the loss factor against frequency for micro PbO and CuO, PbO and CuO NPs, pure PVC, pure PVC /micro PbO composites, and PVC / PbO, PVC / CuO nanocomposites at room temperature. It can be seen from Figure(6) that, the loss factor curve of pure PVC, micro PbO, CuO, and PbO, CuO NPs possess the same behavior which involves decreases for the loss factor with an increase in the frequency.…”
The dielectric properties of pure PVC and pure PVC filled composites were performed to examine and characterize the structure of polymer composites. At room temperature the values of relative permittivity, loss factor, and ac conductivities were calculated as a function of frequency and it was found that incorporation of both micro and nano PbO and CuO with various wt% to the polymer matrix resulted in enhanced dielectric properties. The electrical response of polymer matrix micro-or nanocomposites show their conductivity and dielectric behavior. So the principal electrical character of polymers is insulating because of their very low concentration of free charge carriers, polymer nanocomposites (also called nanodielectrics) appear to be dielectrics or in other words, materials that will be polarized by applying an external electric field. Nano composites are closely associated with the development of cutting-edge electronic and optoelectronic devices. The nanoscale has been reached on the dimensional scale of electronic devices. The usefulness of polymer/inorganic molecule nanocomposites varies greatly, with various potential applications as well as different types of nanocomposites.
“…This continually growing problem of antibiotic resistance not only endangers the public health, but also endures a massive negative impact on the economic development due to delayed hospitalization and recovery time in addition to the need for expensive medications as well as specialized care for patients [ 1 ]. Many researchers have directed their efforts to manage the problem of antibiotic resistance via estimating the effectiveness of new antibacterial agents either alone or in combinations [ 2 ]. In the same context, breast cancer is considered the second common leading cause of cancer death among women [ 3 ].…”
Background
Resistance to antibiotics and anticancer therapy is a serious global health threat particularly in immunosuppressed cancer patients. Current study aimed to estimate the antibacterial and anticancer potentials of short-term exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) either in sole or combined form.
Methods
Antibacterial activity was evaluated via determination of the bacterial viable count reduction percentage following exposure, whereas their ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line was detected using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and cell cycle analysis. Also, oxidative stress potential and molecular profile were investigated.
Results
ELF-EMF and AgNPs significantly (p < 0.01) reduced K. pneumonia viable count of compared to that of S. aureus in a time dependent manner till reaching 100% inhibition when ELF-EMF was applied in combination to 10 µM/ml AgNPs for 2 h. Apoptosis induction was obvious following exposure to either ELF-EMF or AgNPs, however their apoptotic potential was intensified when applied in combination recording significantly (p < 0.001) induced apoptosis as indicated by elevated level of MCF-7 cells in the Pre G1 phase compared to control. S phase arrest and accumulation of cells in G2/M phase was observed following exposure to AgNPs and EMF, respectively. Up-regulation in the expression level of p53, iNOS and NF-kB genes as well as down-regulation of Bcl-2 and miRNA-125b genes were detected post treatment.
Conclusions
The antibacterial and anticancer potentials of these agents might be related to their ability to induce oxidative stress, suggesting their potentials as novel candidates for controlling infections and triggering cancer cells towards self-destruction.
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