Antibacterial properties and mechanism of graphene oxide-silver nanocomposites as bactericidal agents for water disinfection

Magnetically Separable Fe3O4@CdS Type‐II Nanohybrids with Excellent Photocatalytic Activity and Antibacterial Properties

“…Next, this radical interacts with O 2 to generate a lipid peroxide radical, which then rearranges to create malondialdehyde. Hence, the monitoring of malondialdehyde could provide the level of lipid peroxidation, and subsequently, the level of cell oxidative damage indirectly . As displayed in Figure A, there were negligible lipoperoxidative products presented in control samples (native cells); however, the absorbance of lipid peroxidation products was augmented substantially after exposure (6.2‐fold in E. coli and 5.8‐fold in S. saprophyticus ), which demonstrated that the microbes suffered serious oxidative stress caused by a significant amount of reactive oxygen species during the bactericidal procedure of type‐II magnetite@CdS core–shell NHs.…”

<p>Silver Nanoparticles for the Therapy of Tuberculosis</p>

“…Ag + ions); 3) Disruption of several metabolic pathways; 4) Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS); 5) Genotoxicity; 6) Alteration of cell wall and cytoplasm; 7) Inhibition of bacterial DNA replication; 8) Alteration of bacterial membrane permeability and ionic change. [133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140] These effects are mediated mainly by the primary action of the AgNP, or by the release of Ag + species and ROS will further disrupt the metabolic pathways and DNA. Although the main antibacterial effect of AgNPs is believed mediated by the release of bio-active Ag + ions, 141 more exactly, the AgNPs antibacterial mechanisms employ targeting multiple components in the bacterial cell, 142 including bacterial wall (disruption and/or increasing the membrane permeability), tRNA (transfer ribonucleic acid), inactivating the respiratory chain (ATP depletion), enzyme and protein synthesis and DNA-binding (resulting cleavage, inhibition of replication).…”

“…[138][139][140] The overall bactericidal effect of AgNPs depends, in addition to the rate of Ag + production, also on the AgNPs size and shape, overall NP surface area, type of coating/ corona, and rate of Ag + generation. [133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140] The difference in the efficiency of AgNPs against Gram-positive, Gramnegative or acid-fast bacteria is believed to be mainly dependent on the structural and thickness differences of their cell walls. Usually, acid-fast bacteria due to the presence of a thicker-waxy cell wall have a stronger defense-system against Ag-NPs.…”

Ti-GO-Ag nanocomposite: the effect of content level on the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity

“…Of course, the results could also provide evidence for the antibacterial ability of GO-Ag-Ti, which is similar to the results of Song. 48 His findings suggest that antibacterial behavior of GO-Ag against both bacterial strains was dose and contact time dependent, and the antibacterial activity was more effective against E. coli than S. aureus. Additionally, Mei et al 49 revealed that Ag is a superior antimicrobial agent, promotes fibroblasts and epithelial cells to proliferate and differentiate in vitro, and causes less inflammation in vivo.…”

“…In our study, Ag ions are reduced by UV-light. 48 Many Ti surface antibacterial coatings are widely studied in the dental and orthopedic fields, including antibiotics, nonantibiotic organic antimicrobial agents, inorganic antimicrobial agents, biofunctionalization with antibacterial bioactive polymers, nitrogen monoxide, etc. An antimicrobial coating, which is doped with a proper amount of Ag nanoparticles has a good development and application prospect.…”