Antibacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) fibrous membranes containing quaternary ammonium salts

Abstract

In this study, antimicrobial membranes based on biodegradable material poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-4HB)] and quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) by two methods have been performed. Three QASs with varied alkyl chain lengths have been synthesized successfully and characterized by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared. The synthesized QASs were blended with P(3HB-4HB) and electrospun into composite fibrous membranes or casted into conventional membranes. Electrospun fibrous membranes with large surface areas are a superior type of antimicrobial biomaterials, and they exhibit preferable properties than solution casting membranes. Specifically, electrospun fibrous membranes are tougher and can inactivate both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a contact time of 30 min, whereas the solution casting membranes cannot. The length of alkyl chain in the quaternary ammonium groups on the modified P(3HB-4HB) membranes is able to influence the antimicrobial activity. This type of antimicrobial material may have potential applications in biomaterial field.

Solid‐State Rechargeable Zinc–Air Battery with Long Shelf Life Based on Nanoengineered Polymer Electrolyte

“…This verifies the higherb ound water content in the QAFP membranes. [14,18] Compared with the high-resolution C1ss pectra of the PVAm embrane ( Figure S1 in the Support-ing Information), the appearanceo ft wo additional components at 286.0 and 286.5 eV in the 2-QAFP membrane indicates the presence of etherification groups (CÀO) andC ÀNb onds in the QA moieties (Figure 2c). [14,18] Compared with the high-resolution C1ss pectra of the PVAm embrane ( Figure S1 in the Support-ing Information), the appearanceo ft wo additional components at 286.0 and 286.5 eV in the 2-QAFP membrane indicates the presence of etherification groups (CÀO) andC ÀNb onds in the QA moieties (Figure 2c).…”

“…[3d] Interestingly,c omparedw ith PVA, three new bands appear at 1097, 970,a nd 917 cm À1 ,w hich are attributed to the stretching vibrations of CÀNa nd the QA bands in the QAFP membrane;t his confirms the copolymerization of PVAw ithG TAC. [14,18] Compared with the high-resolution C1ss pectra of the PVAm embrane ( Figure S1 in the Support-ing Information), the appearanceo ft wo additional components at 286.0 and 286.5 eV in the 2-QAFP membrane indicates the presence of etherification groups (CÀO) andC ÀNb onds in the QA moieties ( Figure 2c). [14] The high-resolutionN1s spectrum of 2-QAFP reveals that quaternary nitrogen, with ac haracteristic peak at 401.4 eV,i st he dominant species, representing up to 96 %o ft he total Ns peciesi nt he 2-QAFP membrane (Figure 2d).…”

Novel Polyvinyl Butyral/Monoacylglycerol Nanofibrous Membrane with Antifouling Activity

“…Antibacterial agents are incorporated in the fibers by mixing them with the polymer solution prior to, during or after the electrospinning process, the latter via additional treatment. The most widely employed active agents in the formulation of nanofibers with antibacterial activity are silver or metal oxide nanoparticles, antibiotics, triclosan, quaternary ammonium salts, essential oils and chitosan [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Contemporary research on novel strategies seek to bring about new antimicrobial or antifouling substances that are safe and do not promote microbial resistance yet [ 13 ].…”

Functional chemical modification of a porcine acellular dermal matrix with a modified naturally derived polysaccharide crosslinker

“…Severe cases could even endanger the lives of patients, which is why the inhibition of bacterial growth and reproduction is particularly important . Presently, antibacterial agents are commonly used in biomaterials to inhibit bacterial growth, including antibiotics, nanomaterials, quaternary ammonium salts, and so on; however, these compounds or materials exhibit some shortcomings. Specifically, the long‐term use of antibiotics frequently leads to antibiotic bacteria resistance.…”