Antibacterial Membrane with a Bone‐Like Structure for Guided Bone Regeneration

Abstract

An antibacterial membrane with a bone-like structure was developed for guided bone regeneration (GBR) by mineralising acellular bovine pericardium (ABP) and loading it with the antibiotic minocycline. The bovine pericardium (BP) membrane was processed using physical and chemical methods to remove the cellular components and obtain ABP membranes. Then, the ABP membranes were biomimetically mineralised using a calcium phosphate-loaded agarose hydrogel system aided by electrophoresis. Minocycline was adsorbed to the mineralised ABP membrane, and the release profile in vitro was studied. The membranes were characterised through scanning electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Results showed that the ABP membrane had an asymmetric structure with a layer of densely arranged and irregularly aligned collagen fibrils. Collagen fibrils were calcified with the formation of intrafibrillar and interfibrillar hydroxyapatites similar to the bone structure. Minocycline was incorporated into the mineralised collagen membrane and could be released in vitro. This process endowed the membrane with an antibacterial property. This novel composite membrane offers promising applications in bioactive GBR.

Biodegradable Polymer Membranes Applied in Guided Bone/Tissue Regeneration: A Review

“…It has also raised certain ethical and cultural issues [ 33 ]. These limitations, such as poor mechanical properties and rapid degradation, are associated with the shortened functional period, greater susceptibility to infection, and the regeneration of new tissue [ 34 , 35 ]. Hence, in order to reinforce the mechanical and biodegradable stability to comprise the biocompatibility for use as GBR and GTR membranes, various chemical, physical, and biological cross-linking methods have been introduced to cross-link collagen.…”

Polydioxanone Membrane Compared with Collagen Membrane for Bone Regeneration

“…Other disadvantages associated with using collagen membranes for GTR or GBR are the loss of space-maintaining ability under wet conditions [ 38 , 40 ], lower mechanical strength, and faster degradation [ 37 ]. These limitations, such as poor mechanical properties and rapid degradation, are associated with a decreased period of the function of such materials, resulting in increased susceptibility to infection and undesired tissue regeneration [ 35 , 41 ].…”

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“…Collagen is a class of natural polymer/protein structure which is extensively used in tissue engineering of soft and hard tissues [15][16][17][18][19] , being one of the most important components of these tissues. Collagen and its derivative, gelatine, is also intensively used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries 20 .…”