Antibacterial Medicinal Plants Equiseti Herba and Ononidis Radix Modulate Micronucleus Formation in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro

Abstract

We assessed the in vitro cytogenetic effects of extracts of the commonly used medicinal plants Equiseti herba, Ononidis radix, and Uvae ursi on irradiated human blood lymphocytes. We examined the acquired micronucleus formation in unirradiated and irradiated samples of cultured blood lymphocytes using the cytochalasin block micronucleus test (CBMN). Centromere-positive micronuclei were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization using a DNA probe labeled with alpha-satellite digogsigenin. Equiseti herba had weak clastogenic properties, increasing the yield of micronuclei in unirradiated samples and reducing the level of radiation-induced micronuclei in a concentration-dependent manner. In the control, unirradiated samples, 36.8% of micronuclei were centromere-positive (MNC+), while in the irradiated ones the percentage of MNC+ ranged from 10.8-15.3%, indicating a clastogenic mechanism for the micronuclei formation. Ononidis radix was a strong clastogen and radiosensitizer, rapidly increasing the yield of micronuclei in unirradiated samples up to 5-fold and potentiating the yield of radiation-induced micronuclei up to 1.7-fold. In cultures treated with Ononidis radix, the percentage of MNC+ micronuclei ranged from 18.8 to 23.8%, indicating that micronuclei originated by a clastogenic mechanism. Uvae ursi did not affect the yield of micronuclei either in unirradiated or in irradiated samples. The micronucleus formation assay is a reliable screen for plant extracts and purified compounds, for the identification of compounds that might either inhibit clastogenesis or potentiate radiotherapy for malignancy.

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Genotoxicity Screening of Hydro-alcoholic Extracts of Five Serbian Equisetum Species

“…E. arvense extract contains only quercetin derivatives, while E. fluviatile extract only kaempferol derivatives. A previous study reported that the incidence of micronucleus formation in Equiseti herba extract treated cells was concentration dependent [6], and at a concentration of 200 μg/ml, was three times higher than that in the control. E. palustre extract showed the greatest effect, since its phenol content and antioxidant capacity is the lowest of all examined extracts.…”

“…This assay was carried out according to the known procedure [6]. The blood samples were obtained from 5 healthy nonsmoking male donors (average age-42.3 years).…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, E. sylvaticum, E. fluviatile and E. palustre have not been tested in the micronucleus test, antimicrobial or antioxidant capacity assays. Previously, only Equiseti herba was evaluated in the micronucleus test [6]. Antioxidant activity of E. arvense and E. telmateia extracts [2,7,8] and the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of E. arvense [9] have been reported.…”

In vitro assessment of the cytotoxic, DNA damaging, and cytogenetic effects of hydroquinone in human peripheral blood lymphocytes

“…The tested concentrations were selected adhering to the available literature (4,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). The lowest tested concentration of 8 µg mL -1 was calculated by taking into account (I) the maximum allowable daily intake of bearberry leaf extract standardized on arbutin (i.e., 800 mg), (II) the average human body weight of 70 kg, and (III) the fact that 70 % of arbutin is metabolised into hydroquinone (4).…”

蕨类植物治疗人类疾病的应用概况

“…Several studies have been carried out to explore the antimicrobial activity of ferns such as Nephrolepis acuminata (Jimenez et al, 1979), Davallia sodila, Lygodium reticulatum (Cambie and Ash, 1994), Marattia fraxinea (de Boer et al, 2005), Sphenomeris chinensis (Sengupta et al, 2002), A. caudatum, Adiantum peruvianum, A. venustum, Adiantum incisum, Adiantum latifolium, and Ampelopteris prolifera (Banerjee and Sen, 1980;Singh et al, 2008a), P. aquilinum (Francisco and Driver, 1984), Nephrolepis sp. (Basile et al, 1997), Adiantum lunulatum (Reddy et al, 2001), E. arvense (Joksic et al, 2003;Radulovic et al, 2006), S. tamariscina (Woo et al, 2005), A. capillus-veneris (Guha et al, 2004(Guha et al, , 2005Besharat et al, 2008), Athyrium pectinatum (Parihar et al, 2006), P. vittata (Singh et al, 2008b), P. multifida (Hu et al, 2008;Hum et al, 2008), Mecodium exsertum (Maridass, 2009), Selaginella involvens (Fig. 5g), S. inaequalifolia (Haripriya et al, 2010), S. pallescens (Rojas et al, 1999), Asplenium scolopendrium, Cystopteris fragilis, P. vulgare (Soare et al, 2012b), A. caudatum, A. evecta, Pteris confusa, P. argyraea, Lygodium microphyllum (Gracelin et al, 2012, Pteris biaurita (Dalli et al, 2007;de Britto et al, 2012), D. crassirhizoma (Lee et al, 2009), and various species (Maruzzella, 1961;McCutcheon et al, 1995).…”