Antibacterial Medication Use During Pregnancy and Risk of Birth Defects

Risk factors and demographics for microtia in South America: A case–control analysis

“…Contrary to our findings, a previous study by the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) on antibiotics and risk of selected birth defects found no association with microtia (aOR, 0.9; 95%CI, 0.6–1.4) (Crider et al, ). A notable difference between our study and the NBDPS includes timing of maternal interview (at birth vs. 6 months to 2 years) which could have lead to recall bias in the NBDPS data, i.e., with more time between birth and the study interview, the mothers of the cases could potentially reevaluate their exposures more intensively than controls.…”

Pregnancy outcome after gestational exposure to erythromycin – a population‐based register study from Norway

“…There were no associations between exposure to macrolides as a group and congenital malformations. These findings were in accordance with the majority of existing studies [11,[28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Use of antibiotics during pregnancy and the risk of major congenital malformations: a population based cohort study

“…Doxycycline use was associated with a 2-fold increased risk of circulatory system malformation and cardiac malformations and 3-fold increased risk of ventricular/atrial septal defect. These results are consistent with a previous study that showed a 2-fold non-significant increased risk of heart defects associated with the use of tetracycline as a class [28]. It is known that tissue remodelling is involved in placenta development [53].…”