Antibacterial efficacy and cytotoxicity studies of copper (II) and titanium (IV) substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

Antibacterial efficacy, corrosion resistance, and cytotoxicity studies of copper-substituted carbonated hydroxyapatite coating on titanium substrate

“…The same findings were reported in literature even with higher content of doped Cu 2? [10,12]. Particularly, it was found that the position of CuHAP peak shifted slightly to higher angles from the standard XRD patterns for HAP (Fig.…”

“…, and Zn 2? ) is more appropriate because they show antimicrobial activity at the site of implant materials and they are not cytotoxic at low concentrations [9][10][11][12]. Besides its antimicrobial activity, Cu is an essential trace element for mammalian life [10,13], and it stimulates the activity of several enzymes and plays a role in the crosslinking of collagen and elastin of bones [10,14].…”

Calcium orthophosphates (CaPO 4 ): Occurrence and properties

“…(Kim et al 1998;Kolmas et al 2014;Stanić et al 2010) and Cu 2? (Kim et al 1998;Kolmas et al 2014;Stanić et al 2010;Li et al 2010) was used for imparting antimicrobial effect, while radioactive isotopes of 90 Y (Thomas et al 2008), 153 Sm (Chinol et al 1993;Argüelles et al 1999;O'Duffy et al 1999) and 186 Re (Chinol et al 1993) were incorporated into HA bioceramics and injected into knee joints to treat rheumatoid joint synovitis (Thomas et al 2008;Chinol et al 1993;O'Duffy et al 1999). More to the point, apatites were found to incorporate individual molecules, such as water, oxygen and carbon dioxide (Rey et al 2006).…”

Cationic and Anionic Substitutions in Hydroxyapatite

“…Accordingly, copper deficiency decreases neutrophil and macrophage in vitro bactericidal activity [288]. However, several microorganisms, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), S. aureus, and Salmonella enterica (S. enterica), have developed protection mechanisms towards copper toxic effect in order to be able to survive the macrophage action [289][290][291].…”