Antibacterial Effect of Silver and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Combination with Antibiotics on E. coli K12

Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Their Antibacterial Activity

“…Moreover, the application areas would vary according to the coating materials utilized on IONPs because the properties of the coating materials alter the activity of the IONPs. Several studies have been conducted which offer valuable insights into surface modification that increases the antibacterial activity of IONPs. − Hence, IONPs coated with antimicrobial agents such as gentamicin, Kan, Rif, Amp, poly(vinyl alcohol), teicoplanin, dimethylformamide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and gallic acid (GA) form a nanocomplex, then these complexes tend to exhibit a combined effect against pathogenic bacteria (Tables & ). For instance, the bare IONPs exhibited ZOI, and the diameters were 17.33 ± 0.57 mm, 17.51 ± 0.57 mm, and 17.66 ± 0.57 mm while the IONPs conjugated with PEG+GEN demonstrated enhanced antimicrobial activity, with zone diameters of 23.66 ± 0.57 mm, 25.66 ± 0.57 mm, and 26.33 ± 0.57 mm against S. epidermidis, P. mirabilis, and A. baumannii, respectively.…”

Green, novel, and one-step synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles: antimicrobial activity, synergism with antibiotics, and cytotoxic studies

“…29 Various studies have hypothesized that the synergistic effect between AgNPs and different classes of antibiotics is due to the formation of complexes. 45,46 Deng et al proposed that the antibacterial effect involves three pathways, which include the mechanism of action of antibiotics and NPs independently, as well as the formation of complexes, which are the main responsible for bacterial death. Therefore, the synergistic and partially synergistic effects found in this study for the combination of Ag 2 ONPs with AMP and CIP could be mainly associated with the formation of complexes, whose mechanism of action consists of the interaction and union with the bacterial surface, favoring the release of Ag + that binds to sulfhydryl groups present in different biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.…”

Treatment Processes for Microbial Resistance Mitigation: The Technological Contribution to Tackle the Problem of Antibiotic Resistance

“…With the development of nanotechnologies, new treatment methods against AMR include developing new drugs by the combination of antibiotics or pharmaceutical agents with metal nanoparticles or during the synthesis of antimicrobial polymers [16,[141][142][143][144]. Antimicrobial polymers (AMP) were developed based on antimicrobial peptide properties to inhibit or kill bacteria [145].…”

“…Some of these materials have proved to be effective in reducing the number of resistant bacteria (ARB) in wastewater, but less effective for removing ARG. Among the metals that have been used for nanoparticle synthesis and that have shown antimicrobial properties are iron, gold, palladium, and silver [141,144,149,150], with silver NPs (nanoparticles) being the most extensively used [143]. However, other rare metals, such as yttrium, could have potential antimicrobial properties that could represent a promising future for nanotechnology as a treatment process for antibacterial resistance (Rice, 2019).…”

“…However, other rare metals, such as yttrium, could have potential antimicrobial properties that could represent a promising future for nanotechnology as a treatment process for antibacterial resistance (Rice, 2019). Metals present antimicrobial activity by depleting the levels of ATP of bacterial cells or inhibiting the respiratory enzymes, by damaging DNA or the protein and electron transport chain, or by generating reactive oxygen species that destroy the major molecular machinery of bacteria [141,149].…”