Antibacterial effect of royal jelly for preservation of implant-releated spinal infection in rat

Abstract

AIm: Implant-related infections are still a significant problem in spinal surgical procedures. Many drugs and methods have been tried to prevent implant-related infections. Our objective in this study was to evaluate whether royal jelly, which was found to hinder the growth of MRSA, has any preventive role in the prognosis of an infection in rats in an implant-related infection model. mATeRIAL and meTHods: Rats were divided into 3 groups of eight rats. Group-1 consisted of rats that underwent only a spinal implant, group-2 included those rats that were inoculated bacteria together with a spinal implant and group-3 was administered royal jelly in addition to a spinal implant and infection. ResuLTs:The amount of bacteria that grew in vertebral columns and implants was more in Group-2 than in Group-3, which meant that the number of bacteria colonies that grew was more quantitatively. This difference was found to be statistically significant in vertebral columns, but not in implants.CoNCLusIoN: Royal jelly could not fully prevent the MRSA infection in this model, but decreased the severity of infection noticeably. More objective and promising results may be obtained if royal jelly can be used at regular intervals in a different model to be designed with respect to implant-related infections.KeywoRds: Implant, Infection, Royal jelly, Spine, Staphylococcus aureus, Rat ÖZ AmAÇ: Spinal cerrahi prosedürlerde implant ilişkili enfeksiyonlar, hala önemli yer tutmaktadır. İmplant ilişkili enfeksiyonları önlemeye yönelik birçok ilaç ve yöntem uygulanmıştır. Arı sütünün, in-vitro ve in-vivo şartlarda metisilin rezistan stafilokokus aureusun üremesini engellediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, implant ilişkili spinal enfeksiyon modelinde arı sütünün etkisini değerlendirdik. yÖNTem ve GeReÇLeR: Sıçanlar sekizerli 3 gruba ayrıldı. Grup-1; sadece spinal implant uygulanan grup, Grup-2; spinal implantla beraber bakteri ekilen grup, Grup-3; spinal implant ve enfeksiyona ilave arı sütü uygulanan grup. Grup-1'deki sıçanların hiç birinde doku, implant ve kan kültürlerinde bakteriyel üreme olmadı. Grup-2 ve 3'teki sıçanların tamamında ekimi yapılan standart MRSA suşu üredi. Gruplar birbirleri arasında enfeksiyon yoğunluğu açısından karşılaştırıldı.BuLGuLAR: Grup-2'deki vertebral kolon ve implantlar üzerinde üreyen bakteri sayısının grup-3'e kıyasla daha şiddetli olduğu, üreyen bakteri koloni sayısının kantitatif olarak daha fazla olduğu tespit edildi. Bu fark, vertebral kolonda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunurken, implant üzerinde anlamlı bulunmadı. soNuÇ: Arı sütü bu modelde, MRSA enfeksiyonunu tam olarak önleyememiş ancak, enfeksiyonun şiddetini belirgin olarak azaltmıştır. Arı sütün implant ilişkili enfeksiyonlarda farklı bir model oluşturularak, düzenli aralıklarla kullanılabilmesi durumunda daha objektif ve umut verici sonuçlar ortaya konabilir. Ayrıca arı sütün, farklı modeller oluşturularak, farklı bakterilerde ve diğer Staph. aureus suşlarında da denenmesinin uygun olacağı kanaatindeyiz.

Promising Antimicrobial Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Different Honeybee Products

“…In an in vivo experiment on a mouse model, they showed that jelleine-I exerted a good therapeutic effect on mice with peritonitis caused by E. coli [ 109 ]. Promising results confirming in vivo antimicrobial activity of RJ were also obtained by Gunaldi et al [ 110 ]. The authors conducted an evaluation of RJ performance in an implant-related infection model in rats.…”

“…The authors conducted an evaluation of RJ performance in an implant-related infection model in rats. RJ did not prevent MRSA infection but markedly reduced its severity in a group of spinal implant rats inoculated with bacteria and treated with RJ, compared with untreated rats [ 110 ].…”

Animal Models for Postoperative Implant‐Related Spinal Infection

“…In 2013, Cashman et al 72 modified the rat surgical model of infection using a titanium ligating clip and used this model to assess the ability and efficiency of a new generation of fibrin tissue sealant to deliver antibiotics to the surgical site. This model was also used to determine whether royal jelly had a preventive role in spinal infections in rats 73 .…”

Bee Products and Essential Oils as Alternative Agents for Treatment of Infections Caused by S. aureus

“…However, several authors conirmed that these products also reveal some antimicrobial potential. Boukraa and coworkers revealed that MIC value for royal jelly against S. aureus is about 2% (v/v) [57], and the group of Gunaldi [58] when using this product obtained promising results in the preservation of implant-related infection in rats. The activity of royal jelly is probably a consequence of presence within composition of this product some peptides that inhibit growth of bacteria including members of the genus Staphylococcus [59].…”